Module-15-Eating Disorder-502

Eating Disorders Overview

  • Eating Disorders: categorized as serious mental illnesses that affect individuals' emotions, behaviors, and physical health.

Learning Objectives

  • Reference Document: DSM-V as a diagnostic tool for eating disorders.

  • Characteristics to explore:

    • Anorexia Nervosa

    • Bulimia Nervosa

    • Binge Eating Disorder

  • Anorexia and Bulimia Subtypes

  • Categories of Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorders (OSFED) and descriptions

  • Risk factors for disordered eating behavior

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Societal Influences and Family Characteristics

  • Societal pressure contributes to eating disorders in both genders.

  • Family characteristics associated with higher risks include:

    • Overprotectiveness

    • Lack of individuality acceptance

    • Poor communication

Health Complications

  • Health risks associated with:

    • Anorexia Nervosa

    • Bulimia Nervosa

    • Binge Eating Disorder

    • Muscle Dysmorphia

Continuum of Disordered Eating

  • Developed by Kenela and Schilter:

    • Goes from normal eating behaviors to serious eating disorders:

      • Normal Eating -> Disordered Eating -> Eating Disorders

    • Various stages include:

      • Body comparisons

      • Obsessive behavior

      • Loss of control with eating

Key Terms

  • Important terms to know include:

    • Anorexia Nervosa

    • Bulimia Nervosa

    • Binge Eating Disorder

    • OSFED

    • Orthorexia

    • Body Dysmorphic Disorder

    • Muscle Dysmorphia

    • Body Image

    • Female Athlete Triad

Definitions and Examples of Disordered Eating

  • Disordered Eating: a range from behavioral patterns to diagnosed diseases.

  • Clinically diagnosed diseases include:

    • Anorexia Nervosa

    • Bulimia Nervosa

  • Behaviors include unhealthy eating patterns and compensatory habits.

Relationship Between Body Image and Eating Disorders

  • Body image: perception of one's physical appearance, which can be distorted in individuals with eating disorders.

  • Poor body image can lead to:

    • Body Dysmorphic Disorder

    • Muscle Dysmorphia (Bigorexia)

Treatment Approaches

  • Treatment Goal: tailored to individual needs, typically using a multidisciplinary approach including:

    • Individual and group therapy

    • Family involvement

    • Nutritional counseling

Intuitive Eating Framework

  • Developed by Tribole and Resch:

    • Focuses on enhancing one’s relationship with food, dismisses dieting culture.

  • Ten Principles of Intuitive Eating:

    1. Reject Diet Mentality

    2. Honor Your Hunger

    3. Make Peace with Food

    4. Challenge Food Police

    5. Respect Fullness

    6. Discover the Satisfaction Factor

    7. Honor Feelings Without Food

    8. Respect Your Body

    9. Exercise – Feel the Difference

    10. Honor Health – Gentle Nutrition

Risks and Affects of Eating Disorders

  • Eating disorders can manifest across ages and genders.

  • Men constitute a small portion of diagnosed cases, mostly with Binge Eating Disorder or OSFED.

  • Teasing and poor self-esteem are significant risk factors.

  • Cultural pressure: Media portrayal of ideal body images affects body image perceptions and self-esteem.

Recognizing Eating Disorders

  • Lack of obvious physical signs may mask eating disorders. Key indicators include obsession with food and body image.

  • Professional assessment recommended if concern arises regarding someone’s eating behavior.

  • Resources for help:

    • The Renfrew Center

    • National Eating Disorders Association (NEDA)

    • Eating Disorders Anonymous

    • National Association for Males with Eating Disorders