BME 365R Q2 with complete answers

Exam Overview

  • Course: BME 365R Quantitative Engineering Physiology

  • Exam Date: November 5, 2024

  • Honor Statement: A declaration of integrity regarding unauthorized assistance.

Visual Field Pathology

Task I: Identify Pathology Locations (2pts each)

  1. Right eye / Optic nerve - Diagnosis OD 05.

  2. Left optic tract, radiative or acceptal cortex - OA OS OD.

  3. Chiasm - OO OS OD.

Pathway for Conscious Proprioception

Task II: Draw and Label Pathway (10 pts)

  • Start: Left index finger

  • Structures:

    • Dorsal root ganglia (DRG)

    • Medulla

    • Medial lemniscus

    • VPL (Ventral posterolateral nucleus)

  • Pathway includes:

    • 1st synapse: DRG to medulla

    • 2nd synapse: Medulla to VPL

    • Final destination: Primary somatosensory cortex (postcentral gyrus)

Multiple Choice Questions

Task III: Questions (2 points each)

  1. Eyeglass Prescription Diagnosis:

    • +3.00+1.50X180 OD, +3.50+1.25X175 OS

    • Answer: b. Hyperopia with astigmatism

  2. Aqueous humor production:

    • Correct Structure: c. Ciliary body

  3. Defective CN for eye movement:

    • Answer: c. Right III CN

  4. Mechanical-electrical transduction:

    • Location: a. Cilia of inner hair cells

  5. Motor disorder after concussions:

    • Likely Disorder: a. Chorea

  6. Post-accident urine output:

    • Expectation: c. Diabetes insipidus

  7. Pathology for facial weakness:

    • Location: c. Ponto-medullary junction

  8. Signs of head trauma and pupil reaction:

    • Condition: c. Epidural hematoma on the right

  9. Clumsiness diagnosis for Jacob:

    • Tentative Diagnosis: c. Cerebellar tumor on the right

  10. Diagnosis for secretary:

    • Most Likely: b. Parkinson's disease

  11. Meningitis diagnosis from spinal tap:

    • Diagnosis: c. Meningitis

Limbic Circuit Structures

Question 12: Identifying Limbic Structures

  • Structures NOT included: e. Internal capsule

Retinal Detachment

Question 13: Layers Affected

  • Retinal detachment occurs between layers:

    • Answer: a. RPE-choroid

Photoreceptor Cascade

Question 15: Incorrect Statement

  • False: a. 5' GMP opens the Na channels and depolarizes the photoreceptors

Visual Defect Analysis

Question 16: Effects of Fovea Damage

  • Visual defect if fovea destroyed:

    • Answer: c. Legally blind, poor color vision

Cornea Dehydration

Question 17: Dehydration Cell Layer

  • Responsible Layer: c. Endothelium

Sleep and Memory

Question 18: Memory Consolidation Stage

  • Stage: c. REM sleep

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) Target

Question 19: Target Structure

  • Target: c. Distal convoluted tubule

Muscle Stretch Reflex

Question 23: Afferent Firing Rate

  • Effect of muscle stretch on la spindle afferents:

    • Change: a. Increase firing rate

Sensory Defects

Question 24: Mid-Thoracic Hemisection Effects

  • Expected sensory defects:

    • Correct Answer: a. Loss of P&T in the right leg, loss of proprioception in the left leg

Amenorrhea and Vision Changes

Question 25: Likely Diagnosis

  • Diagnosis for graduate student:

    • Most Likely: b. Pituitary adenoma

Stroke Diagnosis

Question 26: Pathology Site for Housewife

  • Likely Pathology Site: d. Left cerebral cortex near central sulcus

Housewife's Pathology Cause

Question 27: Cause of Stroke

  • Most Likely Cause: a. Left middle cerebral artery occlusion

Pyramidal Tract Exam Content

Section IV: Pyramidal Tract Details

  • Pathway consists of 2 neurons from pre-central gyrus in the cortex through the crus cerebri to medulla, where fibers cross to form the corticospinal tract.

  • Upper motor neuron (UMN) fibers project to anterior horn of the spinal cord.

  • UMN lesions: result in spastic paralysis after 2 weeks.

  • Lower motor neuron (LMN) lesions: result in flaccid paralysis.