Architecture and Development of Business Information Systems

Architecture of Information Systems

• Architecture defines system organization, components, relationships, and management principles.

Types of Data Processing Architectures

• Centralized Processing: Single computer processes data, users submit raw data.

• Client-Server Processing: Divides processing between client and server, communicates via messages.

• Distributed Processing: Multiple databases serve simultaneous user requests globally.

Information System Architecture

• Functions include user interaction, data processing, storage, and retrieval.

• Tiers: 1-tier (single-tier), 2-tier, 3-tier, N-tier systems based on user interface, business logic, and data storage.

Cloud Computing Characteristics

• Self-Service on Demand: Users can request resources directly.

• Wide Network Access: Access via standard networks and various devices.

• Resource Pooling: Resources shared among multiple clients.

• Rapid Resilience: Resources can be quickly scaled.

• Measured Service: Use of resources is monitored and reported.

Cloud Service Models

• Software as a Service (SaaS): Applications delivered over the Internet.

• Platform as a Service (PaaS): Development platforms for organizations.

• Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): Virtualized hardware resources.

System Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

• Stages: Planning, Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Maintenance.

• Aims for quality systems that meet expectations, are timely and cost-effective.

Methodology in Systems Development

• Comprises procedures, techniques, and tools guiding system development.

• Important components include stages, techniques, and training schemes.

User Interface Design Principles

• Usability, Integrity, Minimal Surprise, Recovery, User targeting, and Diversity of Users.

Agile vs Waterfall Methodology

• Agile: Flexible, delivers features repeatedly and accommodates changes.

• Waterfall: Sequential, all details fixed in advance, good for defined projects.