causes of voluntary migration

not enough jobs with very few opportunities. until 2019 the unemployment rate in Poland was very high.

low paying jobs resulting in a low standard of living

state benefits are very low compared to Scotland and the UK

due to increased mechanisation/privatisation of farms, rural unemployment has risen.

until 2020 unlimited migration within the EU allowed Polish immigrants to move freely.

the exchange rate meant that the sterling conversion to zloty was favourable. this meant that people could send money back to family members in Poland.

there were plenty of available jobs in parts of the economy in Scotland, such as in construction.

employers advertised vacancies in Poland for jobs in Scotland.

healthcare in Scotland is free at the point of delivery.