sciene 6

CHAPTER 6 STUDY GUIDE

  1. Law of Conservation of Mass

Mass can neither be created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction

  1. Types of Chemical Reaction (What is the difference between Synthesis and Decomposition reactions?)

(use word Reactants)

  1. Types of Chemical Reaction: Combustion (What is the difference between Complete and Incomplete Combustion?  Know the equation)
  • Combustion Reaction is usually between oxygen and a substance to produce oxide and energy. 
  • It is usually a fast reaction
  • Produces heat and light

CH4 + 2O2 —-> CO2 + 2h20 + Energy

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Incomplete combustion occurs when there is not enough oxygen

  • Produces Carbon Monoxide and Carbon

Ch4 + O2 —> CO2 + CO + H2O + C

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  1. What are reactants and product?

Reactants are substances that start a chemical reaction, and products are substances produced in the reaction.

  1. What is precipitation?

any liquid or frozen water that forms in the atmosphere and falls back to the earth

  1. What causes and incomplete combustion?
  2. Combustion of Hydrogen

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2H2 + O2 —-> 2H2O

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  1. Combustion of Phosphorus

P2O5

  1. What is soot?  What element is made of?

is a mass of impure carbon particles resulting from the incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons?

  1. What is Corrosion?

a natural process in which a refined metal is converted to a more chemically stable form, such as oxide, hydroxide, or sulphide. It is the gradual decomposition of materials 

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  1. What are needed for corrosion to happen?
  • Oxygen 
  • Electrolytes
  • water
  1. What are needed for corrosion to happen?
  • Oxygen 
  • Electrolytes
  • Water
  1. Does salt cause corrosion?

Salt speeds up the corrosion process because electron moves easily in saltwater

  1. What are some beneficial corrosion?

When copper rusts it produces copper oxides which strengthen the metal and prevent it from rusting. Copper oxides form tightly held compounds that don't flake off

(ex. The green roofs of Parliament are actually a green patina created by copper oxides, this makes the roof stronger and waterproof)

       What is beneficial corrosion?

 happens when two distinct metals come into electrical contact with an electrolyte and in this case, the more active metal may corrode. Surface corrosion results in the formation of an oxide layer, which protects the inner metal from corrosion. 

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  1. What is Rust?

The interaction of iron and air produces rust

  1. What are ways to prevent corrosion?
  • Use corrosion-resistant materials
  • Use protective coating such as paint
  • Galvanize
  1. What is galvanizing?

the process of applying a protective zinc coating to iron or steel, to prevent rusting.

  1. What is the difference between Iron and Steel?

iron is an element and steel, in its most basic form, is an alloy of iron and carbon.