Kahoot
Meiosis and Genetic Variation
- Meiosis involves a cell dividing twice.
- Crossing-over during meiosis increases genetic diversity by exchanging genetic material between chromosomes.
- Meiosis starts with 16 chromosomes and results in cells with 8.
- A diploid parent cell divides twice during meiosis, producing four haploid daughter cells.
- Meiosis is necessary for sexual reproduction to maintain the correct number of chromosomes in zygotes.
- Mitosis results in 2 diploid cells, while meiosis results in 4 haploid cells.
Genetic Principles
- Incomplete dominance: alleles blend to create a new phenotype.
- Random combination of sex cells during fertilization increases genetic variation.
- Hereditary information is in genes located on chromosomes.
- An organism's appearance is its phenotype.
- Blood types are traits controlled by multiple alleles.
- True breeding: offspring share the same traits as the parent.
- Dihybrid cross led Mendel to the discovery of independent assortment.
- Crossing the F1 generation, the recessive reappeared, showing alleles segregated into individual gametes.
- The law of independent assortment states that traits assort independently in offspring.