pre test












SEC 3 below?
ANA - ethics
APNA-latest developments and practices
ISPN - evidence based practice, global advocacy. cult sensitive care, global best practices, research
CRSS? columbia suicide rating scale
modeling. contingency management.
borderline personality disorder, emotional disregulation - DBT. dialectic, balancing opposing ideas. validation/acceptance. mindfulness.
ACT acceptance and commitment therapy - chronic pain mentioned
EMDR - PTSD
Supportive - cope with stressors, life transitions, stabilization. problem solving in the moment. can happen during med mgmt appointments
humanistic, person centered therapy
gesalt - here and now. awareness. personal responsibility. cycles of experiences- helps the finish the process if halted. empty chair - talk to each other (themselves). body awareness. roleplaying and reversal technique.
existential - life meaning-focus
SFT - brief, solution focused. strengths, resources, goals, solutions not problems
IPT - communication and social functioning, good for DPN
st john + SSRI serotnonin syndrome
omg3 fatty acids - dpn, brain function
ppi can interfere w/ absorption of b12/folate?
90 percent of serotonin produced by gut






PTSD can lead to drug abuse to cope/alcohol, Therapy exposure, group, meds -SSRI, anx meds, sleep meds
GAD has issues self soothing. genetic + enviromental, runs in families, twice as prevalent females. tx: psychotherapy (CBT), medication (benzo, antidpn)
Phobias - extreme, unreasonable, irrational fear. more likely if fam has one, traumatic event. CBT to show reaction is irrational etc
Soc anxiety disorder also drug abuse to be able to go in public etc. can lead to derealization
SAD - pyscho therapy, SSRIs, bblockers, benzos
schizo has no racial bias. tx: antispychotics but tricky, effective but tx, cost, side effects (metabolic syndrome?)

bipolar 10x more likely if fam has disorder
tx - lithium salts (mood stabilizer). antidpn (can trigger manic episode). anti psychotics, anticonvulsants, benzos
talk CBT DONT treat the disorder but can be helpful after manic episode. prevention by helping with stressful situations that can lead to mania
Delirium - half of elderly members in hospital will have one episode. hypo and hyperactive delirium can be types. usually temporary if source resolved. dementia instead progressive. risk factors, recent sx, no sleeping, opiates. orient and comfortable is tx.halperidol 2nd gen antipyschotics possible med txs
Bulimia - binge and purge (1x/week for 3 months). anorexia is diff bc person acutally underweight. genetic and social components. pyschotherapy and CBT, meds SSRIs


ADD ADHD are same. ADHD newer and includes more. higher likelyhood if twin has it, some genetic component. meds aimed at adding neuro receptors. meth amphetamines but SLOW release to avoid euphoria/addiction
MDD. high genetic component. monoamine hypothesis, low bad, increase them and they feel better. activated by stress hypothesis if predisposed.
atypical dpn you eat and sleep MORE instead of less like in typical (melancholic) dpn
pharm tx: SSRIs bread and butter. also SNRIs, atypicals, MOAIs, TCAs,


TSH and free t4 labs

LFT and CMP
Infection CBC and anemia CBC
Taking a folate supplement can mask vitamin B12 deficiency
A1C if antipsychotics or metabolic risk are relevant, urine pregnancy as appropriate, urine drug screen if substance induced symptoms are possible.

carbamazepine and clozapine can cause agranulocytosis CBC (ANC?)

CK for muscle rigidity
CBC and chemistry, creatinine, LFTs, CK, tox screen, blood gas, and cultures ± CSF analysis


Varenicline can have SI side effects. contra in people w/ SI or psych history that can lead to SI maybe
PHQ-9 f/u score check in two weeks?

MI address the DISSONANCE between goals and current actions
Serotonin syndrome. no SSRI w/ SJW


herbs contra



CAM tx categories



supps
5-HYDROXYTRYPTOPHAN, L-TRYPTOPHAN. 5-hydroxytryptophan and L-tryptophan have been extensively investigated for their putative antidepressant and anxiolytic effects.
Magnesium deficiency is an established risk factor for overall poor mental health, depressed mood, and cognitive impairment. Preliminary evidence from randomized controlled studies supports the antidepressant efficacy of zinc supplementation used as an adjuvant to prescription antidepressants. selenium limited evidence
Two omega-3 fatty acids, EPA and DHA, have been extensively investigated as treatments of depressed mood, ADHD, schizophrenia, and other psychiatric disorders. trauma/PTSD after first incident. EPA stronger for dpn, DHA for cog. alzheimers evidence. anti-inflammation
Ashwagandha is an effective monotherapy of anxiety symptoms related to chronic stress and may be an effective adjunctive treatment of GAD
CBD may be an effective treatment of GAD, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder (SAD), OCD, and PTSD
Galphimia is used as a sedative and anxiolytic in traditional Mexican medicine
Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba) extract is used in Europe and North America to treat dementia and other neurodegenerative diseases. neuroprotective effect
Ginseng/schizo - individuals taking the ginseng preparation reported significantly fewer neurologic adverse effects after 4 weeks than the placebo group. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and determine the optimal dosing of ginseng as an adjuvant to antipsychotics.
Kava - treatment of “stress” and moderate anxiety in healthy adults
The essential oil of lavender has been widely used in traditional Persian medicine for millennia to treat medical disorders and mental health problems, including anxiety, insomnia, and depressed mood
R. rosea is used in traditional Russian medicine to enhance stamina, reduce fatigue, improve sleep, and enhance mood. R. rosea affect the HPA axis reducing serum cortisol levels reducing fatigue, and decreasing stress-related anxiety
RCTs support that DHEA supplementation of 90 to 450 mg/day reduces the severity of depressed mood, antipsychotic effects?
SJW is widely used to treat depressed mood. SSRI, serotonin syndrome
Saffron, obtained from the stigmas of the flower of Crocus sativa, is widely used as a spice and medicinal agent in traditional Persian medicine. Antidepressant effects may involve anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects and reuptake inhibition of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine
TOOTHED CLUBMOSS (HUPERZIA SERRATA). Huperzine A, an alkaloid derivative of the herb Huperzia serrata is a central ingredient of many compound herbal formulas used in Chinese medicine to treat cognitive impairment related to normal aging
TURMERIC (CURCUMA LONGA). Curcumin is the principal bioactive constituent of Turmeric. Animal studies have established that curcumin has strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, suggesting that it may have beneficial effects on a range of medical and neuropsychiatric disorders associated with chronic inflammation. The findings of animal studies suggest that antidepressant effects of curcumin may be related to the modulatory activity of the monoamine neurotransmitters serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine
VALERIAN (VALERIANA OFFICINALIS). sleep/insom
Psychedelics including D-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), ketamine, psilocybin, and ayahuasca are extensively investigated as potential treatments of depressed mood, anxiety disorders, PTSD, and other psychiatric disorders