Science inquiry skills

Define the following terms: independent, dependent and controlled variables.​

Differentiate between predictions and hypotheses​

Hypotheses: Statement (as fact),a single idea (One independent variable) Links independent and dependent variables e.g Sweating Increases/Decreases or No effect of urine production

Prediction: what will happen in the future

Discuss how factors such as controlled experiments affect the validity of data, how repetition influences reliability, and how maintaining controlled conditions, using calibrated equipment, and accurately recording data enhance precision​

Consider ethics and risks involved during experiments, including ways to minimize harm.

Data

quantitative - measurements, easier to compare

Qualitative- observations

Reliability

Repeat

Increase the number of independent

Graphs

Common graphs In biology are Line (continuous) /bar/Collum (discrete) /Histograms (Frequency

Validity (of method) was it fair

• control variable better

Reliability (of results) if results are reliable same test will have similar results

• repeating trials/running test more time

Accuracy (of result) measurements are correct

• Using correct measuring tools

E

Errors

Human error misleading scake.

Random error- Unpredictible irregular mistake; usually kim

Systematic error Continuous errors (all results

Ethics

Animals /humans

• Voluntary participation

• Informed

• Risk of harm

• Confidentiallity - identity remains private

• Anonymity - researchers are unaware of personal details

Placebo - inactive substance looks like real medicine

• double blind experiment