DRAFT TP slides (1st)

Page 1: Introduction

  • KPMG Confidential Document

  • Introduction to Transfer Pricing

Page 2: What is Transfer Pricing?

  • Controlled Transactions (Related Party Transactions)

    • Involves Company A and Company B (Associated)

  • Transfer Price Evaluation

    • Sales/purchases of goods, intangibles, and financial assistance considered

Page 3: Transfer Pricing Structure

  • Headquarters: Company A (Germany)

  • Other Manufacturers: Companies D (Brazil), C (France), B (China)

Page 4: Arm's Length Principle

  • Definition: Price of controlled transaction should match that of independent parties under similar conditions.

  • OECD Model Tax Convention, Article 9

    • Profit adjustments allowed if conditions differ in related transactions.

Page 5: Importance of Transfer Pricing

  • Market-driven prices vs. related party transactions

  • Impact on reported taxable income

  • Influence of various tax rates in different jurisdictions

Page 6: Transfer Pricing Example

  • Companies Y and X scenario affecting consolidated operating profits and taxes.

    • Variations in transfer prices lead to differences in total tax outcomes.

Page 7: Key Objectives of Transfer Pricing

  • Reduce overall tax burden for parent company

  • Fair profit allocation among entities in MNE

  • Compliance with tax regulations

  • Minimize tax risks (audits/adjustments)

Page 8: TP Regulations Overview

  • Recent developments in transfer pricing regulations

Page 9: Historical Regulations

  • 2003: Transfer Pricing Guidelines issued

  • 2009: Section 140A of Income Tax Act

  • Other regulations issued in 2012, 2019, and 2023

Page 10: Section 140A

  • Arm's length transactions: Powers of DG

    • Adjustments: Price substitution and disallowing expenses

Page 11: TP Rules 2023 Overview

  • Applicable for YA 2023 and beyond

  • Adjustments by Director General on various TP elements

Page 12: New Developments in TP Rules 2023

  • Updated definitions and documentation requirements

Page 13: TP Concepts

  • Arm's Length Principle: Ensures fair pricing in controlled transactions.

  • Controlled vs. Uncontrolled Transactions.

Page 14: Related Party Transactions Examples

  • Types include payment for purchases, supply of materials, etc.

Page 15: Intangible Property in TP

  • Definitions and examples of intangible assets affect pricing.

Page 16: Associated Persons under TP

  • Defined relationships are significant for transfer pricing implications.

Page 17: Functional Analysis

  • Evaluation of functions, assets, and risks in business operations.

Page 18: FAR Illustration

  • Examples of different manufacturer roles within MNC structures.

Page 19: Distribution Models

  • Different types of distributors illustrated.

Page 20: TP Methodologies Overview

  • Methods used to determine arm’s length pricing

  • Types include CUP, TNMM, Profit Split, etc.

Page 21: CUP Method

  • Detailed explanation and application of the Comparable Uncontrolled Price method.

Page 22: CUP Application

  • Conditions for comparability in CUP method.

Page 23: Transactional Net Margin Method (TNMM)

  • Explanation of TNMM method application.

Page 24: TNMM - Application

  • Steps to comply with TNMM methodology.

Page 25: TNMM Example

  • Illustration of normal operating margins and adjustments.

Page 26: TP Documentation Types

  • Requirements for maintaining TP documentation.

Page 27: Importance of TPD

  • Compliance and potential risk identifications.

Page 28: Penalties for Non-Compliance

  • Financial penalties outlined under Income Tax Act.

Page 29: Arm's Length Range

  • Definition and importance of arm's length ranges in TP.

Page 30: ALR Example

  • Example of determining the arm's length range with operational margins.

Page 31: Conclusion

  • Recap on TP considerations and importance within the context of KPMG guidelines.