verbs

estar - temporary feelings/locations

estoy - i am (e.g estoy triste = i am sad)

está - he/she/you is (e.g el está en casa = he is at home)

están - they/you all are (e.g están contento = they are happy)

estaba - i was (temporary) e.g estaba en Casa = i was at home

estuvo - he/she was (temporary) e.g estuvo enfermo = he was sick

soy - i am (permanent) e.g soy estudiante = i am a student

son - they are/you all are (permanent) e.g son muy intelligentes = they are very intelligent