Arts 9 – Western Classical Arts (Condensed Notes)

Page 1

Administrative header (DepEd) – no conceptual content.

Page 2 – 6

“Let’s Check” title slides and logos – no conceptual content.

Page 7

Definition prompt: “What is Art?”

Page 8

Art derives from Latin “Ars” = skill.

Page 9

Art = application of human creative skill & imagination.

Page 10 – 17 (Art Forms)

Complete list of major art forms:
• Painting
• Sculpture
• Architecture
• Music
• Dance
• Literature
• Theater

Page 18

Elements of Art & Principles of Design introduced as guides/standards for creating aesthetically pleasing works.

Page 19

Elements of Art: Line, Shape, Form, Space, Texture, Value, Color.

Page 20

Principles of Design: Balance, Contrast, Emphasis, Movement, Rhythm, Hierarchy, White Space, Unity.

Page 21 – 22

Illustration (Van Gogh’s “The Starry Night”) showing application of elements & principles.

Page 23

Teacher/credit slide – no conceptual content.

Page 24 – 27 (Timeline Overview)

Art periods covered:

1. Ancient Art $(15{,}000\,\text{BC} - 2{,}000\,\text{BC})$
   • Pre-historic • Egyptian
2. Classical Art $(2{,}000\,\text{BC} - 400\,\text{BC})$
   • Greek • Roman • Byzantine
3. Medieval Art $(400\,\text{BC} - 1{,}400\,\text{AD})$
   • Romanesque • Gothic

Page 28 – 37 (Pre-historic Art)

Key ideas
• Covers all human existence before writing.
• Cave paintings dominate; serve as communication depicting people & animals.
Principal sites & approximate ages:
– Cueva de las Manos, Argentina $(9{,}500\text{–}13{,}000\,\text{yrs ago})$
– Bhimbetka Cave, India $\approx12{,}000\,\text{yrs ago}$
– Lascaux Cave, France $\approx15{,}000\,\text{yrs ago}$

Page 38 – 44

Image slides of the three caves above (reinforcement, no extra facts).

Page 45 – 50 (Egyptian Art)

Essentials
• Highly symbolic expression of belief, history, wealth, power.
• Stresses life-after-death; glorifies Gods & Pharaohs.
• Sample works: Egyptian Dance scenes, funerary art, Tutankhamun with gods Anubis & Nephthys.

Page 51 – 58 (Greek Art)

Core characteristics
• Idealized beauty, harmonious proportion, natural dynamic figures.
• Frequent subjects: Greek mythology & battle scenes.

Page 59 – 64 (Roman Art)

Key points
• Realistic murals & panel portraits.
• Fresco technique with bright backgrounds.
• Wide subject range: animals, daily life, still life, mythology, portraits, landscapes.

Page 65 – 71 (Byzantine Art)

Highlights
• Developed by Greeks/Romans of Byzantine Empire.
• Christian subjects; found in churches (large mosaics to small icons).

Page 72 – 77 (Romanesque Art)

Essentials
• Fusion of Byzantine, Roman & Islamic styles.
• Visual biblical storytelling for largely illiterate populace.
• Figural depictions are rigid, forward-facing.

Page 78 – 82 (Gothic Art)

Key traits
• More realistic rendering of human figures & surroundings than previous medieval styles.

QUICK-RECALL SUMMARY

1. Art = $\textit{Ars}$ (skill) → creative human expression.
2. Seven major art forms: Painting, Sculpture, Architecture, Music, Dance, Literature, Theater.
3. Elements of Art vs. Principles of Design → tools & rules for aesthetics.
4. Timeline focus:
   • Ancient: Pre-historic (cave art), Egyptian (symbolic, afterlife).
   • Classical: Greek (idealized), Roman (realistic, fresco).
   • Medieval: Byzantine (Christian mosaics/icons), Romanesque (fusion, didactic), Gothic (realism).
5. Keystone sites/works: Cueva de las Manos, Bhimbetka, Lascaux; Tutankhamun relief; “Starry Night” used as teaching example.