Roosevelt's Death

  • Roosevelt passed away on April 12, 1945, before witnessing the United Nations establishment.
  • His death occurred while vacationing in Warm Springs, Georgia, just weeks before the UN's first meeting and near the end of World War II in Europe.
  • Vice President Harry Truman unexpectedly ascended to the presidency due to Roosevelt's sudden demise.

Truman's Presidential Challenges

  • Truman was unprepared for the presidency, having only served a few months as Vice President and lacking significant involvement in foreign policy during Roosevelt's administration.
  • Initially, Truman was open to compromises with the Soviets, but his perspective shifted over time.

The Potsdam Conference

  • Truman met Stalin for the first time in July 1945 at the Potsdam Conference in Berlin.
  • Stalin demanded war payments from Germany, while Truman emphasized the need for promised elections in Poland.
  • During the conference, Truman learned about the successful testing of the atomic bomb in New Mexico.
  • He attempted to leverage this information to intimidate Stalin, claiming the U.S. had a powerful new weapon.
  • Stalin, aware of the bomb due to Soviet espionage, reacted nonchalantly yet was concerned about this strategic development for America.