AP World Unit 9

  • Communications like radios, televisions, and cellular communication all made connectivity increase as people can talk to everyone around the world

  • Petroleum and nuclear power were used to raise energy and productivity for countries

  • Birth control changed gender roles, as women can change their fertility and reproductive practices

  • Medical innovations like vaccines and antibiotics increased life expectancies

  • The Green Revolution was the solution to solve modern world-hunger, by using chemistry to increase yields, create pesticides, and advanced irrigation techniques



  • Diseases like malaria and tuberculosis have been associated with wealth, as poverty countries can not afford these cures

  • Diseases from connectivity were the 1918 Influenza, HIV/AIDS, and Covid-19

  • Diseases started to spread from longer aging like Alzheimerā€™s and Heart problems



  • Deforestation is a huge environmental factor from urbanization, with cities and farmlands needing to get bigger

    • This also leads to pollution and erosion from lack of trees, as well as giving access to pesticide runoff

  • Desertification is the process of a fertile land becoming infertile

  • Dependence of fossil fuels for energy from industrialization led to lower air quality

    • The Great Smog in London

  • Because 3% of the water is only accessible to humans, a lot of countries fight for fresh drinking water

    • The WHO estimates that 50% of people do not have access to fresh water

  • Climate change and the debate of problems led to slow political action




  • Neoliberalism is when free market economies want to lower tariffs, deregulation of industry, and the transfer of public industries to private parties

  • Ronald Reagan removed socialist reforms from the New Deal and made new capitalist policies

  • Margaret Thatcher had deregulation of businesses and more emphasis on private assets

  • Chile and the Chicago boys under Pinochet also traveled to a capitalist economy

  • Knowledge workers began to be involved in the work force, with workers now thinking more rather than working with their hands

  • Private businesses started to build corporations in lower-economic countries to pay their workers lower wages

    • However, The UN Trade and Development sought to create certain restrictions for the human rights of these laborers.



  • The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, declared by the UN in 1948, outlied basic human rights for all humans regardless of identity, race, gender, or age.

  • In 1975, the UN also held its first conference about women, planning to end discrimination within the next few decades.

    • Proposed the international bill of rights for women in 1979

  • The Negritude Movement was a way to elevate black culture, and emphasized dignity over colonialism.

  • Liberation Theology rose to address the wrong oppressive political association with Christians and their obsession with imperialism

  • The Womenā€™s Suffrage and Civil Rights Movement both were a huge improvement for women and the minority race in terms of political and education reforms.

  • The Caste Reservation System provided jobs, education, or opportunities for those who were marginalized in history

  • Environmentalists and Greenpeace started to rise after industrialization started to do environmental harm


  • Art, Entertainment, and National Sports played a huge role in changing culture due to media being introduced through the use of internet

    • Film however was influenced by nationalism to gain as much gross as possible

  • Consumer culture started to rise from the advertising industry, which created global brands

    • Online retailers also started to rise to help with transporting goods across the world

  • Battle of Seattle was an anti-globalization movement

  • Governments like China shut down social media to stop big news from spreading to the outside world