Psy 215Recording-2025-01-22T17:03:51.001Z

Types of Disorders and Dysfunctions:

1. Mental Disorders:Conditions affecting mood, thinking, and behavior. These can vary in severity and can impact daily functioning. Examples include:

   • Depression: A mood disorder characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, loss of interest, and various physical symptoms.

   • Anxiety: A common mental health issue characterized by excessive worry, restlessness, and physical symptoms such as increased heart rate.

   • Schizophrenia: A severe mental disorder that affects how a person thinks, feels, and behaves, often resulting in delusions and hallucinations.

2. Personality Disorders:Enduring patterns of behavior and inner experiences that deviate significantly from cultural expectations, leading to distress or impairment. Examples include:

   • Borderline Personality Disorder: Characterized by instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and emotions, often leading to impulsive behaviors.

   • Antisocial Personality Disorder: Marked by a long-term pattern of disregard for, and violation of, the rights of others.

3. Neurodevelopmental Disorders:Disorders typically diagnosed in childhood that affect the development of various cognitive, social, and emotional skills. Common examples:

   • Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): A complex developmental condition involving challenges with social skills, repetitive behaviors, and communication.

   • Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Characterized by difficulty sustaining attention, hyperactivity, and impulsive behavior.

4. Mood Disorders:Disturbances in mood that affect daily life. They include:

   • Bipolar Disorder: Characterized by extreme mood swings that include emotional highs (mania or hypomania) and lows (depression).

   • Major Depressive Disorder: A serious mood disorder that affects how you feel, think, and handle daily activities.

5. Anxiety Disorders:These disorders are characterized by excessive fear or worry, often interfering with daily activities. Examples include:

   • Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD): Persistent and excessive worry about various aspects of life.

   • Panic Disorder: Recurrent panic attacks that lead to ongoing fear of future attacks.

6. Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders:These involve obsessive thoughts and compulsive actions. A notable example is:

   • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD): Characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and behaviors (compulsions).

7. Trauma and Stressor-Related Disorders:Result from experiencing or witnessing traumatic events. One major disorder is:

   • Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): Involves severe anxiety, flashbacks, and uncontrollable thoughts about a traumatic event.

8. Eating Disorders:Disorders characterized by abnormal eating habits that can harm health. They include:

   • Anorexia Nervosa: An eating disorder characterized by an aversion to food and an intense fear of gaining weight, leading to severe weight loss.

   • Bulimia Nervosa: Involves recurring episodes of binge eating followed by purging.

9. Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders:Conditions related to the misuse of substances, which significantly alter mood, perception, and behavior. Examples are:

   • Alcohol Use Disorder: A pattern of drinking that leads to significant impairment or distress.

   • Drug Addiction: Involves a compulsive pattern of consumption despite harmful consequences.

10. Psychotic Disorders:Severe disorders affecting perception and thought processes. A prominent example is:

    • Schizophrenia: Characterized by distortions in thinking, perception, emotions, language, and sense of self, often accompanied by impaired functioning.