Kinematics

Scalar - Magnitude (speed, distance, time, temperature)

Vector quantities - Magnitude and direction (velocity, displacement,


Distance is the total length traveled but displacement is the final position - the starting position

Displacement is the distance from where you started to where you ended, not the total distance traveled


Speed does not have direction, it is the same as velocity just without direction. Velocity includes north, south, etc and unit but speed only includes unit

VELOCITY = DISPLACEMENT OVER TIME, speed equals distance over time


Whiteboard notes 2


Delta means CHANGE IN

Velocity = delta x over delta t (change in position over change in time)

Displacement = xf-xi. X f means final position and x i means initial position


Acceleration = change in velocity over change in time (delta v over delta t)

Acceleration units are written with the square at the end of it (m/s squared)

Acceleration is how quickly an object's velocity changes.

Acceleration includes speeding up and slowing down

Negative acceleration means opposite direction than positive, does not mean slowing down


  • Velocity +, acceleration − → opposite directions → slowing down ✅

  • Velocity −, acceleration + → opposite directions → slowing down ✅

  • Velocity +, acceleration + → same direction → speeding up

  • Velocity −, acceleration − → same direction → speeding up


when stopped, acceleration is 0 and velocity is 0


Velocity time graphs

-Straight horizontal line means constant velocity

-Positive velocity is in positive zone and negative is in negative

-The farther from the x axis 0 mark, the faster the object is going since positive and negative show direction not speed

SLOPE OF VELOCITY TIME GRAPH IS ACCELERATION and acceleration needs units and DIRECTION

For a velocity–time graph:

  • 📈 Positive slope → positive acceleration

  • 📉 Negative slope → negative acceleration

  • ➡ Zero slope (horizontal) → zero acceleration

AREA UNDER VELOCITY TIME GRAPH IS DISPLACEMENT



Slope of a position–time graph = velocity.


WHEN AN OBEJCT MOVES WITH CONSTANT VELOCITY, ACCELERATION IS 0