Theology I Final Exam Review Notes

Chapter 9-15 Vocabulary

• King David: 2nd & greatest King of Israel; united 12 tribes; made Jerusalem center of worship

• Idolatry: Worship of false gods

• Messiah: Hebrew for “anointed one”; a title for kings of Israel

• Jerusalem: City conquered by King David that becomes the capital & religious center of Israel

• Apostasy: Denial of God & abandonment of faith

• Gentile: Any non-Jew

• King Solomon: Son of David; built the TEMPLE; the Kingdom divided after his death; famous for wisdom

• Temple: God’s house in Jerusalem; contained Ark of the Covenant; center of worship

• Assyria: Empire that destroyed the northern kingdom of Israel

• Elijah: Prophet; Challenged prophets of Baal; appeared at Jesus’ Transfiguration

• Israel: 1st kingdom of 12 tribes, later the northern kingdom; destroyed by Assyria

• Jonah: Unwilling to go to Nineveh; 3 days in fish; Jesus compares himself to Jonah

• Judah: Southern Kingdom; conquered by Babylonians

• Babylon: Empire that destroyed Judah

• Babylonian Exile: Time Judah spent as captives in Babylon

• Exiles: Persons removed from their homeland

• Isaiah: Spoke of the Messiah as a SUFFERING SERVANT

• Jeremiah: Compared Yahweh to a POTTER; received his call in the womb

• Prophet: One who speaks for God

• Rabbi: Jewish teacher of the Torah

• Samaritans: Jews with mixed blood

• Judaism: Practice of Jewish religion from covenant with God

Chapter 9-15 Study Questions

• God guided people via prophets during bad kings.

• Prophets urged repentance and God's mercy.

• Christians believe Jesus is the Suffering Servant.

Chapter 16 Vocabulary

• Gentiles: Non-Jews

Chapter 17 Vocabulary

• Acts of Apostles: NT book by Luke on early Church history

• Annunciation: Angel Gabriel asks Mary to be Jesus' mother

• Apostle: Twelve followers chosen by Jesus

• Epistle: Letters of the New Testament, mostly by St. Paul

• Gospel: Good News; books about Jesus' life

• Revelation: Last NT book, symbols of New Covenant fulfillment

• Synoptic: Matthew, Mark, & Luke Gospels

Chapter 17 Study Questions

• The New Testament fulfills the Old Testament.

• An Evangelist is a messenger of good news; Author of the Gospels.

• The four evangelists: Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John.

Chapter 18 Vocabulary

• Nativity: The birth of Jesus

• New Ark of the Covenant: Title for Mary

• Epiphany: Adoration of Jesus by the Magi

• Presentation: Jesus brought to the Temple

• Bethlehem: Jesus' birthplace

• Visitation: Mary visits Elizabeth

• Mary: Mother of Jesus, virgin

• Herod the Great: Ordered death of male children under 2

• Holy Innocents: Children killed by Herod

• Incarnation: God becomes flesh/human

• Immaculate Conception: Mary born without Original Sin

• Divine/Divinity: God

Chapter 18 Study Questions

• Jesus was true God and true man.

• Incarnation truth: Jesus Christ was truly human and truly divine.

• Jesus escaped massacre by going to Egypt.

Chapter 19 Vocabulary

• Christ: Greek for Messiah, “anointed”

• Demon: Fallen angels, Jesus had power over them

• John the Baptist: Jesus’ cousin; preached repentance

• The Twelve: Apostles selected by Jesus

Chapter 19 Study Questions

• John the Baptist’s message: “Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand.”

• Jesus was baptized to identify with sinners.

• God said: “This is my Beloved Son in whom I am well pleased.”

• Jesus stayed in the wilderness for forty days.

• First miracle: Turning water into wine.

• Sickness was thought to be caused by sin.

Chapter 20 Vocabulary

• Bread of Life Discourse: Jesus' speech on Eucharist (John 6)

• Parable: Story with a deeper meaning

• Peter: First to recognize Jesus as Messiah

• Prodigal: Wasteful

• Rabbi: Jewish teacher of the Torah

• Samaritans: Jewish descendants of Abraham

• Synagogue: Jewish house of prayer

Chapter 20 Study Questions

• Jesus spent time with sinners, tax collectors, women, and the sick.

• Two greatest commandments: Love God and love your neighbor.

• “I am the bread of life” refers to the Eucharist.

• Apostles realized meaning of eating Jesus’ body at Last Supper.

• New Law was given at the Sermon on the Mount.

• New Law is known as the Beatitudes

• Jesus taught and preached about the Kingdom of God

• Jesus is the way to the Kingdom of God

• Jesus taught his followers the Our Father/Lord’s Prayer

• John’s Gospel differs b/c it has no parables, no exorcisms, no Kingdom of God speeches.

• Last sign in John: Jesus brings Lazarus back to life.

• 7 “I AM” statements in John’s Gospel:

  • I am the light of the world.

  • I am the way, the truth, and the life.

  • I am the Good Shepherd.

  • I am the resurrection and the life.

  • I am the Bread of Life.

  • I am the vine, you are the branches.

  • I am the gate.

Chapter 21 Vocabulary

• Palm Sunday: Jesus’ entry into Jerusalem

• Holy Thursday: Last Supper, Eucharist instituted

• Good Friday: Jesus’ crucifixion

• Holy Saturday: Jesus in the tomb

• Transubstantiation: Bread and wine become Body and Blood

• Paschal Mystery: Passion, death, Resurrection, Ascension

• Blasphemy: Insulting God

• High Priestly Prayer: Prayer for unity before passion

• Judas Iscariot: Betrayed Jesus

• Last Supper: Passover meal, Eucharist instituted

• Passover: Saving of first-born children of Israel

• Pontius Pilate: Roman Governor who sentenced Jesus

• John: Beloved disciple

• Simon of Cyrene: Helped Jesus carry cross

Chapter 21 Study Questions

• Jesus gave them his body and blood at the Last Supper.

• Sacrament for Jesus’ body and blood: Holy Eucharist.

• Peter denied Jesus three times.

• Jesus was condemned for blasphemy and treason.

Chapter 22 Vocabulary

• Easter Sunday: Jesus rises from the dead

• Mary Magdalene: First witness to Resurrection

• Reconciliation: Sacrament for forgiving sins

• Resurrection: Jesus comes back to life

• Thomas: Doubted Resurrection

Chapter 22 Study Questions

• Mary Magdalene first brought news of the Resurrection.

• There were witnesses to Jesus resurrection

• Jesus gave Apostles authority to forgive sins in Reconciliation

• Jesus offered peace, showed wounds, breathed Holy Spirit.

• Jesus said, “You have believed because you have seen me. Blessed are those who have not seen and yet believe.”

• Jesus asked Peter, “Do you love me?” three times.

• Kyriake: Means what belongs to the Lord.

• Law & Prophets: OT title; Jesus fulfilled them

• Jesus came to fulfill the law and prophets by suffering and dying as Isaiah prophesied.

Acts of the Apostles/Early Church Vocabulary

• Ascension: Jesus’ return to heaven

• Bishops: Successors to apostles

• Holy Spirit: Third person of Trinity

• Mass: Important liturgy

• Pentecost: Coming of Holy Spirit

• Peter: Leader of apostles

Acts of the Apostles/ Early Church Study Questions

• Apostles waited to be baptized with the Holy Spirit.

St. Paul Vocabulary

• Paul: Apostle to the Gentiles

• Justification: Being made right with God

St. Paul Study Questions

• Resurrection and Paul’s conversion were astonishing.

• We cannot achieve righteousness. It is a free gift of God’s grace.

• Our sins contribute to the suffering and death of Jesus

• Jesus had to die to ATONE for sins.

The New Israel & Sacraments Vocabulary

• Anointing of the Sick: Sacrament of healing

• Baptism: Washes away Original Sin

• Confirmation: Outpouring of the Holy Spirit

• Eucharist: Body & Blood of Jesus

• Paschal Mystery: Passion, death, Resurrection, Ascension

• Reconciliation/Penance: Forgives sin

The New Israel & Sacraments Study Questions

• New Israel is the CHURCH.

• Apostles represent the Twelve Tribes of Israel.

• Apostle means one who is sent.

• Sacrament is a sign of God’s grace.

• Jesus instituted the Sacraments.

• The seven sacraments: Baptism, Confirmation, Eucharist, Penance, Anointing of the Sick, Holy Orders, and Matrimony.

Comparison Charts

• Adam & Jesus

  • Adam was "the son of God." (Mt 1:1) - Jesus was the only-begotten Son of God.

  • Adam was tempted and fell. - Jesus was tempted but resisted.

  • Adam disobeyed God. - Jesus was obedient to death.

  • Adam brought sin and death. - Jesus saved humanity from sin and death.

  • Adam lost paradise. - Jesus restores paradise.

• Moses & Jesus

  • Escaped when male children were ordered to be killed. - Escaped when Herod ordered all the male children of Bethlehem killed.

  • Tested in the wilderness/desert 40 years. - Tested in the wilderness 40 days.

  • Fasted for 40 days and nights at Mt. Sinai. [10C] - Fasted for 40 days and nights in the wilderness.

  • Brought the Law down from a mountain. [10 C] - Taught the New Law from a mountain. 8 Beatitudes!

  • Gave Israel manna and water in the wilderness. - Gave all people true heavenly food and spiritual drink. [His body & blood in the Eucharist]

  • Led Israel out of bondage [slavery] in Egypt. - Led all people out of bondage [slavery] of sin and death [on the cross].

• Passover lamb & Jesus

  • The lamb must be without blemish (Ex 12:5). - Jesus was without sin.

  • No bones of the lamb could be broken (Ex 12:46). - Jesus’ bones were not broken.

  • The lamb’s blood marks the doorpost to save the people from the Angel of death. - The blood of Jesus’ sacrifice on the Cross saves us from sin and death.