Voice Disorders
Structural voice disorders:
- nodules * bilateral * usually anterior 1/3 to 2/3 of vocal folds * callus-like growths * caused by: phonotramua * in children: mostly males * in adults: almost exclusively females * treatment: voice therapy
- polyps * unilateral blood or fluid filled blister * contralateral lesion * not as deep as nodules * caused by: phonotrauma, coughing, URI, NSAIDS, menstrual cycle * sudden onset * treatment: voice therapy and/or surgery
- LRP/GERD * lesion near the arytenoid cartilages * Caused by: reflux, GERD becomes LRP when it comes up the esophagus and enters larynx
- Granuloma
- Reinke’s Edema
- Carcinoma
- Papiloma
- Hemorrhage
- Cyst
- Web
Functional Voice Disorders
- Muscle tension dysphonia
- Mutational falsetto
- Paradoxical vocal cord dysfunction
Neurological voice disorders
- Vocal fold paralysis
- Bowing
- Vocal tremor
- Spasmodic dysphonia
- Respiratory dystonia
- Secondary to other
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