Voice Disorders

Structural voice disorders:

• nodules
  • bilateral
  • usually anterior 1/3 to 2/3 of vocal folds
  • callus-like growths
  • caused by: phonotramua
  • in children: mostly males
  • in adults: almost exclusively females
  • treatment: voice therapy
• polyps
  • unilateral blood or fluid filled blister
  • contralateral lesion
  • not as deep as nodules
  • caused by: phonotrauma, coughing, URI, NSAIDS, menstrual cycle
  • sudden onset
  • treatment: voice therapy and/or surgery
• LRP/GERD
  • lesion near the arytenoid cartilages
  • Caused by: reflux, GERD becomes LRP when it comes up the esophagus and enters larynx
• Granuloma
• Reinke’s Edema
• Carcinoma
• Papiloma
• Hemorrhage
• Cyst
• Web

Functional Voice Disorders

• Muscle tension dysphonia
• Mutational falsetto
• Paradoxical vocal cord dysfunction

Neurological voice disorders

• Vocal fold paralysis
• Bowing
• Vocal tremor
• Spasmodic dysphonia
• Respiratory dystonia
• Secondary to other

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