Endocrine Glands

Endocrine Glands Overview

  • The study covers various endocrine glands including the Pituitary Gland and Hypothalamus, Thyroid and Parathyroid, Adrenal Glands, and the Pancreas.

  • It consists of multiple rounds of questions and answers regarding function, location, and hormones secreted.

  • Each section has increasing levels of difficulty corresponding to the dollar amount.

Pituitary Gland and Hypothalamus

$100 Question/Answer

  • Question: The anterior pituitary gland is also called this:

    • a. adenohypophysis

    • b. neurohypophysis

    • c. hypothalamus

    • d. sella turcica

  • Answer: a. adenohypophysis

$200 Question/Answer

  • Question: The releasing and inhibiting hormones are produced by this:

    • a. hypothalamus to control posterior pituitary

    • b. hypothalamus to control anterior pituitary

    • c. anterior pituitary

    • d. posterior pituitary

  • Answer: b. hypothalamus to control anterior pituitary

$300 Question/Answer

  • Question: This hormone is not a hormone that is secreted into the hypothalamohypophysial portal system:

    • a. GHRH

    • b. TRH

    • c. PIH

    • d. GnRH

    • e. ACTH

  • Answer: e. ACTH

$400 Question/Answer

  • Question: A person with no ADH secretion (diabetes insipidus) might have symptoms including:

    • a. high blood pressure

    • b. extremely low urine output

    • c. extreme thirst and dehydration

    • d. increased water retention

    • e. all of these

  • Answer: c. extreme thirst and dehydration

$500 Question/Answer

  • Question: Hypersecretion of growth hormone has this effect:

    • a. results in giantism in children

    • b. causes acromegaly in adults

    • c. increases the probability that one will develop diabetes

    • d. can lead to severe atherosclerosis

    • e. all of the above

  • Answer: e. all of the above

Thyroid and Parathyroid

$100 Question/Answer

  • Question: The thyroid gland is located here:

    • a. superior to the kidneys

    • b. inferior to the hypothalamus

    • c. inferior to the larynx and anterior to the trachea

    • d. posterior to the stomach

  • Answer: c. inferior to the larynx and anterior to the trachea

$200 Question/Answer

  • Question: This hormone is released in response to high blood calcium levels:

    • a. insulin

    • b. cortisol

    • c. calcitonin

    • d. parathyroid hormone

  • Answer: c. calcitonin

$300 Question/Answer

  • Question: This is the primary effect of T3 and T4:

    • a. release calcitonin

    • b. stimulate bone growth

    • c. increase metabolism

    • d. decrease blood glucose levels

  • Answer: c. increase metabolism

$400 Question/Answer

  • Question: If parathyroid hormone levels increase, this effect is expected:

    • a. osteoclast activity is increased

    • b. calcium absorption from the small intestine is inhibited

    • c. calcium reabsorption from the urine is inhibited

    • d. less active vitamin D is formed in the kidneys

  • Answer: a. osteoclast activity is increased

$500 Question/Answer

  • Question: This symptom is not a result of hyperthyroidism:

    • a. rapid heart rate

    • b. exophthalmos

    • c. weight loss

    • d. myxedema

    • e. increased appetite

  • Answer: d. myxedema

Adrenal Glands

$100 Question/Answer

  • Question: The hormones secreted from the adrenal medulla:

    • a. have long half-lives

    • b. have the same effect as the sympathetic nervous system

    • c. are cortisol and aldosterone

    • d. decrease inflammation

  • Answer: b. have the same effect as the sympathetic nervous system

$200 Question/Answer

  • Question: This hormone helps to maintain blood glucose levels by stimulating gluconeogenesis:

    • a. androgens

    • b. cortisol

    • c. insulin

    • d. aldosterone

  • Answer: b. cortisol

$300 Question/Answer

  • Question: Aldosterone:

    • a. is a glucocorticoid hormone

    • b. is secreted by the zona reticularis of the adrenal cortex

    • c. increases sodium concentration in the blood

    • d. increases potassium concentration in the blood

    • e. all of these

  • Answer: c. increases sodium concentration in the blood

$400 Question/Answer

  • Question: In women, excess androgens secreted by the adrenal cortex can cause excessive facial hair, acne, and increased sex drive. True/False

  • Answer: True

$500 Question/Answer

  • Question: Hypersecretion of cortisol (causing Cushing’s syndrome) has these symptoms except:

    • a. muscle wasting

    • b. impaired wound healing

    • c. buffalo hump

    • d. low blood pressure

    • e. moon face

  • Answer: d. low blood pressure

Pancreas

$100 Question/Answer

  • Question: This hormone is NOT secreted by the pancreas:

    • a. glucagon

    • b. glucocorticoids

    • c. insulin

    • d. somatostatin

  • Answer: b. glucocorticoids

$200 Question/Answer

  • Question: The target tissue of glucagon is this:

    • a. skeletal muscle

    • b. fat tissue

    • c. liver

    • d. brain

    • e. thyroid

  • Answer: c. liver

$300 Question/Answer

  • Question: This endocrine imbalance would cause hypoglycemia:

    • a. hypersecretion of insulin

    • b. hypersecretion of glucagon

    • c. hypersecretion of cortisol

    • d. hypersecretion of growth hormone

  • Answer: a. hypersecretion of insulin

$400 Question/Answer

  • Question: Insulin increases this:

    • a. the uptake of glucose by its target tissues

    • b. the breakdown of protein

    • c. the breakdown of fats

    • d. glycogen breakdown in the liver

    • e. all of the above

  • Answer: a. the uptake of glucose by its target tissues

$500 Question/Answer

  • Question: If a person who has diabetes mellitus forgot to take an insulin injection, this symptom may soon appear:

    • a. acidosis

    • b. hyperglycemia

    • c. increased urine production

    • d. lethargy and fatigue

    • e. all of the above

  • Answer: e. all of the above

Grab Bag

$100 Question/Answer

  • Question: This statement about the pituitary gland is true:

    • a. develops from the floor of the brain

    • b. develops from the roof of the mouth

    • c. is stimulated by neurohormones produced in the midbrain

    • d. secretes only three major hormones

    • e. both a and b

  • Answer: e. both a and b

$200 Question/Answer

  • Question: Mammary glands are targets for this hormone:

    • a. oxytocin

    • b. prolactin

    • c. progesterone

    • d. a and b

  • Answer: d. a and b

$300 Question/Answer

  • Question: The main hormone responsible for maintaining pregnancy is this:

    • a. estrogen

    • b. progesterone

    • c. relaxin

    • d. inhibin

  • Answer: b. progesterone

$400 Question/Answer

  • Question: Anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin, inhibit prostaglandin synthesis and as a result, reduce inflammation and pain. True/False

  • Answer: True

$500 Question/Answer

  • Question: The thymus gland secretes a hormone that is involved in this:

    • a. regulation of red blood cell production

    • b. regulation of the reproductive cycle in females

    • c. control of metabolism

    • d. maturation of T lymphocytes

  • Answer: d. maturation of T lymphocytes

Final Round

Final Round Question/Answer

  • Question: This condition will most likely occur if a healthy person receives an injection of T3 and T4:

    • a. the secretion rate of TSH declines

    • b. the person develops symptoms of hypothyroidism

    • c. the person develops hypercalcemia

    • d. the person secretes more TRH

  • Answer: a. the secretion rate of TSH declines