aave-is-not-se-with-mistakes
African American Vernacular English (AAVE) and its Recognition
Introduction
AAVE is often criticized and misunderstood as non-standard English filled with mistakes.
In December 1996, a California school board meeting regarding AAVE sparked a worldwide media frenzy.
The Oakland Unified School District recognized AAVE as a valid linguistic system to aid educational policies for African American students.
Media Response and Misinterpretation
The media, including the New York Times, inaccurately reported the school board's acknowledgment of AAVE as endorsing "black slang" as a distinct language.
The distinction between slang and a language is critical; slang cannot be a language as it relies on a broader language's structure.
The Oakland school board aimed to elevate AAVE's status, not to endorse slang.
Distinction Between Language and Dialect
Linguistic Classification
AAVE is classified as a dialect of English, not a separate language; it shares most of its structure with Standard English.
The concept of dialect does not imply inferiority; it simply indicates a variation.
Example: Tosk and Gheg are dialects of Albanian.
Political factors may influence classification; linguistics should not be conflated with value judgments.
Educational Implications
The Oakland school board’s intention was to leverage AAVE in teaching, not to teach it as a subject.
The use of AAVE in teaching strategies has demonstrated positive educational outcomes.
Myths Surrounding AAVE Grammar
The Copula
The auxiliary verb forms of be are central to AAVE; claiming they're just omitted reflects misunderstanding.
AAVE has strict rules regarding copula omission based on stress and tense.
Example conditions for copula omission:
It cannot be omitted when stressed (e.g., "There already is one!")
Present-tense copulas are not omitted in negatives or when forming imperatives.
Negative Concord
Critics assert AAVE uses illogical double negatives.
The rule of negative concord in AAVE ensures consistency; where a negative auxiliary is used, it requires negative subjects or objects.
Example: "I ain't never seen nothin'" retains negation across all elements.
AAVE employs a grammatical structure similar to that found in Italian, rejecting the idea of illogicality.
Unique AAVE Structures
Negative Inversion
AAVE can reposition negatives for emphasis, allowing structures like "Ain't nobody gonna find out."
This syntactic feature is distinct from Standard English, exemplifying the regular grammatical principles of AAVE.
Pronunciation Patterns
AAVE includes automatic dropping of final consonants in certain conditions.
The rules governing these drops involve voicing and phonetic properties.
Example: "left" becomes "lef'" based on preceding consonant voicing.
Dialect Switching
Speakers of AAVE often switch fluidly between AAVE and Standard English depending on context, demonstrating their linguistic flexibility.
This phenomenon reflects a sophisticated comprehension of sociolinguistic norms.
Conclusion: The Value of AAVE
AAVE is not a disordered version of Standard English; it is shaped by complex grammar.
Recognition and respect for AAVE could play significant roles in educational success for many African Americans.
Misunderstanding and prejudice towards AAVE reflect broader societal attitudes towards African Americans and their identities.