2024DASC3474-Module 12-Protocols - Tagged

DASC 3474 – Fall 2024

Module 12: Protocols

  • Protocols: Also known as standard operating procedures (SOPs).

Purpose of Protocols

  • Provide direction and consistency in task execution.

  • Reduce variation in how tasks are performed.

  • Eliminate confusion and indecision among employees.

  • Increase employee involvement and investment in processes.

  • Facilitate easier job training, thereby reducing the learning curve.

  • When prepared in multiple languages, they help reduce misunderstandings.

  • Simplify data entry processes.

  • Reduce chances of drug residue violations.

  • Ensure compliance with audits and certifications.

  • Contribute to increased efficiency and productivity.

Keys to Successful Protocols

  • Written: Protocols must be documented.

  • Team Involvement: Should be created collaboratively.

  • Simplicity: Designed to be easy to follow.

  • Appropriate Language: Use language suitable for the audience.

  • Adherence Monitoring: Track compliance with protocols.

Developing and Implementing Protocols (Penn State Extension)

  1. Plan for Results: Define what success looks like.

  2. First Draft: Prepare an initial version of the protocol.

  3. Internal Review: Gather feedback from team members.

  4. External Review: Seek insights from external stakeholders.

  5. Testing: Trial the protocol before full implementation.

  6. Post-Training: Provide follow-up training for staff.

Tips for Writing Protocols (Penn State Extension)

  • Use short sentences for clarity.

  • Write in imperative sentences (command form).

  • Be concise; avoid unnecessary words.

  • Use acronyms and abbreviations sparingly.

Protocol Format Choices and Criteria (Penn State Extension)

  • Consider the complexity of the task:

    • More than 10 steps?: Use a flowchart.

    • No steps exceeding 10?: Use simple, linear steps.

  • Flow Chart: Beneficial for visualizing processes and decisions.

Example: Mixing Milk Replacer

  • Step-by-step instructions for preparation:

    1. In a 10 qt bucket, add 1.55 L (1.63 qt) hot water (110 to 120F).

    2. Add 12 oz (340 grams) of powder.

    3. Mix with a wire whisk.

    4. Serve within 5 minutes of mixing to avoid cooling and settling of suspension.

NMC’s Recommended Milking Procedures

  • Ensure a clean, low-stress environment for cows.

  • Check foremilk and udder for signs of mastitis.

  • Wash teats with an udder wash solution or pre-dip treatments.

  • Dry teats completely with individual towels.

  • Attach the milking unit within two minutes of stimulation.

  • Adjust units for proper alignment during milking.

  • Shut off the vacuum before removing the unit.

  • Dip teats immediately after unit removal with an effective product.

Other Helpful Protocols on a Dairy Farm

  • Feeding management

  • Fresh cow management

  • Colostrum management

  • Newborn calf protocols

  • Sick calf management

  • Clinical mastitis handling

  • Dry cow protocols

  • Estrus synchronization

  • Disease treatment

  • Vaccination processes.

Protocol Reminders

  • Keep protocols written to avoid "protocol drift" (variations from written guidelines).

  • Prevention Protocols: Have a clear purpose, assessment strategy, and treatment plan.