IA-HSP

Page 1: Course Introduction

  • Title: Human Spaceflight Technology

  • Instructor: Prof. Gisela Detrell

  • Date: 3rd February 2025

  • Institution: TUM School of Engineering and Design, Technische Universität München

  • Course Focus: Introduction to Aerospace

Page 2: Course Overview

  • Focus on: LSS (Life Support Systems) Technologies and Conceptual Design

  • Credits: ABIBOO Studio / SONet, IRS

  • Establishment: Professorship in Human Spaceflight Technology since June 2023

Page 3: Lecture Topics

  1. Why human spaceflight?

  2. Achievements to date

  3. Current status

  4. Future plans

  5. Keeping astronauts alive

Page 4: Lecture Focus

  • Topic: Why human spaceflight?

Page 5: Continuing Focus

  • Credits: ESA – Pierre Carril

  • Topic: Why human spaceflight?

Page 6: 3 Imperatives of Human Spaceflight

  1. Explore - Cultural significance

  2. Understand - Scientific inquiry

  3. Unify - Political collaboration

Page 7: Robotic vs Human Exploration

  • Robotic Systems:

    • Operate in harsh conditions without life support.

    • Can explore regions unreachable by humans.

    • Automated systems facilitate real-time operations.

  • Human Exploration:

    • Limited experiments and safety risks due to life support requirements.

Page 8: Earthly Benefits

  • Spin-off technologies:

    • Health & medicine: infrared thermometers, artificial limbs.

    • Transportation: aircraft systems.

    • Public safety: video enhancement systems.

    • Aim: Efficient and sustainable living.

Page 9: Overview of Past Achievements

  • Title: What has been done so far?

Page 10: Historic Milestones

  • Vostok 1: 12th April 1961, First orbital flight (Yuri Gagarin). 108 min.

Page 11: American Milestones

  • Freedom 7: 5th May 1961, First American in Space (Alan Shepard). 15 min suborbital flight.

Page 12: First EVA

  • Voskhod 2: 18th March 1965, First EVA (Alexei Leonov). 26h mission.

Page 13: Lunar Exploration

  • Apollo 11: 16th July 1969, First astronauts on the lunar surface (8 days mission).

Page 14: Last Lunar Mission

  • Apollo 17: 7th December 1972, Last crewed lunar landing (~13 days mission).

Page 15: First Space Station

  • Salyut 1: 19th April 1971, First space station (operated for 175 days).

Page 16: US Space Station

  • Skylab: 14th May 1973, US space station (2,249 days in orbit).

Page 17: Final Salyut Station

  • Salyut 7: 19th April 1982, Last in Salyut series (816 days operating time).

Page 18: Space Shuttle Program

  • STS-1: Launched 28th November 1983, a reusable laboratory with 22 missions.

Page 19: ISS Characteristics

  • Operational period: 19th February 1986 - 23rd May 2001, Volume 350m³, Mass ~124t.

Page 20: Space Shuttle Specifications

  • First flight: 12th April 1981. Dimensions and payload specifications outlined.

Page 21: Space Shuttle Context

  • Various Missions: Highlights the variety in Shuttle flights.

Page 22: Continued Shuttle Details

  • Visual representation detailing shuttle characteristics.

Page 23: Space Shuttle Summary

  • Summary of space shuttle history and missions.

Page 24: Soyuz Overview

  • Highlights Soyuz-1 incident details from 23rd April 1967.

Page 25: Soyuz-11 Incident

  • 6th June 1971, Depressurization incident during re-entry preparations.

Page 26: Soyuz Program Data

  • Over 140 flights conducted with crew configurations highlighted.

Page 27: Current Status of Human Spaceflight

  • Title: Where are we currently?

Page 28: Current Space Monitoring

  • Source: www.whoisinspace.com

Page 30: International Space Station Details

  • Includes orbit details, cost, and historical launch information.

Page 32: Tian Gong Overview

  • Chinese space station details with orbital parameters.

Page 35: Commercial Flight Initiatives

  • Participants: SpaceX Dragon, New Shepard, Virgin Galactic, etc.

Page 49: Indian Spacecraft Program

  • Gaganyaan: Launch planned with crew capacity and specifications outlined.

Page 53: Lunar Exploration Plans

  • Details on the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program.

Page 54: International Cooperation

  • ISECG: International Space Exploration Coordination Group objectives.

Page 57: Astronaut Safety

  • Focus: Keeping astronauts alive

Page 58: Life Support Systems

  • Overview of critical spacecraft systems for astronaut survival.

Page 59: Life Support System Functions

  • Describes the functions and environmental conditions controlled.

Page 61: Water Consumption Comparisons

  • Water usage statistics from Earth and ISS highlighted.

Page 62: Mars Mission Needs

  • Detailed needs for oxygen, food, and water for a potential Mars mission.

Page 83: MELISSA Research

  • Focus on bio-regenerative life support technology.

Page 89: Additional Considerations

  • Factors beyond the life support systems affecting astronaut safety.