Peripheral Vascular system

Consist Veins and Arteries

  • diseases affects oxygen, nutrients, and waste elimination

Lymphatic Vessels

  • Transports fluid from interstitial space — blood circulation

Arteries

  • Supply oxygen and nutrients TO tissue

Veins

  • Drains deoxygenated blood and waste from the tissues TO the HEART

Venous Return

  1. Contract skeletal muscles

  2. Competent Valves (prevent back-flow)

  3. Patent lumen (natural open)

Spleen

  • LUQ

  • Destroy and store RBC’s

  • antibody production

  • filters microorganisms

Tonsils

  • Palatine, adenoid, lingual

  • entrance of the respiratory system

  • Rosponds to inflammation

Thymus

  • In superior mediastinum; behind the sternum; in front aorta

  • Flat, pink-gray

  • Gland

Pregnant Women

  • Uterus grow= obstruction in drainage of iliac vein/inferior vena cava

  • Causes dependent edema, varicosities, uvula, hemorrhoids

  • Hormone change=n vasodilation and reduce bp

Arteriosclerosis

  • Stiff/hard artery wall

Atherosclerosis

  • Narrowing of artery wall

  • plaque builds up

  • This is a specific type of Arteriosclerosis

Aging Adults

  • peripheral blood vessels grow rigid ; r8AAMAÃ9esults in arteriosclerosis

  • loss in lymphatic tissue= less lymph nodes & decreased size

Trophic changes

  1. abnormalities in the tissues

  2. Thin and shiny skin

  3. Thick and rigid nails

  4. Loss of hair on low legs

**Normal nails = 160 degrees

Clubbing = 160+ degree

Abnormal findings

Arms

  • Raynaud Phenomenon = numbness/tingling; decreased blood flow

  • Lymphedema

Legs

  • Arterial ischemic ulcers

  • venous ulcers

  • varicose veins (visible)

  • DVT

Lesions

Arterial

  • Located: Toes, feet, lateral ankle

  • Appearance: small drain, small tissue granulation, deep&round

Venous

  • Located: Medial of legs and ankle

  • Appearance: Swollen, drainage, granulation present

  • Irregular edges, shallow

Urgent Assessments

Complete arterial occlusion

  • Blockage of artery, preventing blood flow (ex. Atherosclerosis)

  • Limb-threatening

  • Symptoms: Numb, Cool, Color Change

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)

  • Blood clot forms in lower extremities

  • Anticoagulant

  • Symptoms: Pain, edema, warmth

Pulmonary Embolism

  • Blood clot travels to lungs

  • Life-Threatening

  • Signs: Acute dyspnea (sudden shortness of breath), chest pain, tachycardia, diaphoresis (excess sweating), anxiety