Comprehensive General Knowledge and Scientific Terms Study Guide

The Healing Power of Fruits and Seeds

• Bael (Stone/Wood Apple): Used in Ayurveda to help with boils, dysentery, and earaches.
• Lemon: Boosts the immune system and prevents asthma.
• Jamun: Rich in vitamin C and iron, which helps manage diabetes and improves the haemoglobin count.
• Banana: Contains more potassium than most fruit and helps lower blood pressure levels.
• Amla: Rich in vitamin C, boosts immunity, and promotes hair and skin health.
• Papaya: Taken to prevent worms and night blindness.
• Tomato: A good source of vitamin C, potassium, vitamin K, and folate.
• Bitter gourd: The juice of this fruit is taken to prevent roundworm.
• Guava: Taken to treat diabetes.
• Mosambi: Boosts the immune system, promotes heart health, and supports digestion.
• Chikoo or Sapota: Supports digestion, boosts the immune system, and promotes bone health.
• Methi (fenugreek): Used for diabetes, constipation, gastric problems, and flatulence.
• Drumstick: High on vitamin C and antioxidants, helping to combat against the common cold and flu.
• Peanut: Its butter lowers cholesterol.
• Pumpkin seed: Good for the treatment of tapeworm infestation.
• Blueberries: Rich in antioxidants, promotes heart health, and may improve memory.
• Maize: A good remedy for constipation.
• Flaxseeds: Rich in fiber, supports digestive health, and reduces inflammation.
• Mango seed: Mixed with jaggery, it is used to cure diarrhoea.
• Ridge gourd: Enhances eye health and boosts liver health.
• Walnuts: High in antioxidants, supports brain health, and reduces inflammation.
• Cashews: Packed with healthy fats and magnesium, supports bone health, and lowers blood pressure.

Scientific Terms

• Pottery: The art and technology of making objects from clay.
• Pathology: The science of the causes and effects of diseases.
• Cryogenics: The science that deals with the production, control and application of very low temperatures.
• Psychology: The study of the mind and behaviour, including thoughts, feelings and actions.
• Pharmacology: The study of drugs or medicines and their effects on living organisms.
• Astrobiology: The study of the potential for life elsewhere in the universe.
• Logic: The study of reasoning and inference.
• Choreography: The art of designing and arranging the steps and movements in dances.
• Archaeology: The study of human history and prehistory through the excavation of artifacts and remains.
• Bacteriology: The study of bacteria.
• Linguistics: The study of language and its structure, including grammar, semantics and syntax.
• Conchology: The study of shells and molluscs.
• Criminology: The study of crime and criminals.
• Forensic Science: The application of scientific methods and techniques to investigate crimes and analyse evidence.
• Geophysics: The study of the Earth using principles and methods of physics.
• Gastronomy: The study of the relationship between food and culture.
• Melittology: The study of bees.
• Hydrotherapy: The cure of diseases by the internal and external use of water.
• Graphology: The study of psychology by analysing handwriting.
• Seismology: The study of earthquakes.
• Genealogy: The study of ancestries and family histories.
• Cartography: The science of making maps and globes.
• Dactylography: The science of fingerprint identification.
• Alethiology: The study of truth.
• Dendrology: The study of trees.
• Gerontology: The study of old age, its phenomena and diseases.
• Neuroscience: The study of the nervous system, especially the brain.
• Genetics: A branch of biology dealing with heredity and the laws governing it.
• Vexillology: The study of flags.
• Paleontology: The study of fossils.

Great Personalities

• Vicky Kaushal: Winner of the Dadasaheb Phalke Award for best actor (critics) in $2024$ for the movie Sam Bahadur.
• M. S. Swaminathan: Known as the Father of India's Green Revolution and awarded the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honour, in $2024$.
• Stephen Hawking: World-famous differently-abled scientist and author of the international best-seller A Brief History of Time.
• Ojas Pravin Deotale: Indian archer ranked $9\text{th}$ in the world who won the Arjuna Awards for outstanding performance in Sports and Games $2023$.
• Ursula von der Leyen: German politician who topped the $2023$ Forbes list of $100$ most powerful women in the world.
• Mukesh Ambani: Indian businessman rated by Forbes as the richest person in India in $2024$.
• Irrfan Khan: Extremely talented Indian film actor who passed away in $2020$ after a battle with cancer at the age of 53$.\n* **Emma Stone**: Winner of the Oscar for actress in a leading role in 2024 for *Poor Things*.\n* **Anil Kumble**: First Indian bowler to take more than 500 Test wickets.\n* **Satwik Sairaj Rankireddy and Chirag Shetty**: Indian badminton duo who won the Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award 2023.\n* **Jack Palance**: One of Hollywood's most menacing villains who acted in several films, including *Shane* and *City Slickers*.\n* **Leander Paes**: Indian tennis player who was the first Indian athlete since 1952$to win an individual Olympic medal (bronze in$1996 in Atlanta).\n* **Rani Mukerji**: Awarded the Dadasaheb Phalke Award in 2024 for a movie about a mother.\n* **Boris Yeltsin**: President of Russia from 1991$to$1999 who signed the START II nuclear disarmament treaty with the United States.\n* **Malika Pukhraj**: Melody queen and contemporary of legendary ghazal singer Begum Akhtar, best known for her rendition of the song *Abhi toh main jawan hoon*.\n* **Sunil Chhetri**: Indian footballer who was the first to receive the Khel Ratna Award (India's highest sporting honor) in 2021$and won the AIFF Player of the Year award seven times; retired in$2024.\n* **Bhaichung Bhutia**: Nicknamed the "Sikkimese Sniper" due to his shooting skills in football.\n* **Cristiano Ronaldo**: Highest paid football player in the world according to the Forbes 2024 list.\n* **Cillian Murphy**: Winner of the Oscar for actor in a leading role in 2024 for *Oppenheimer*.\n* **Charles Baudelaire**: French poet, art critic, essayist, and the first ever translator of Edgar Allen Poe.\n\n# Expedition Feature: Youngest Indian to Reach Mt. Everest Base Camp\n\n* **Explorer Profile**: Six-year-old Arishka Laddha from Pune, Maharashtra.\n* **Achievement**: Youngest Indian girl to reach the Mt. Everest Base Camp.\n* **Elevation**: Mt. Everest Base Camp is located over 17,500\,\text{ft} high.\n* **Date of Expedition**: May 2023$.
• Expedition Details:
  • Accompanied by her mother, Dimple Laddha.
  • Completed the challenging $15$-day expedition.
  • Endured temperatures ranging from $-3^\circ\text{C}$ to $-17^\circ\text{C}$.
  • Expressed joy and a desire to summit Mount Everest in the future, with her mother considering professional training for her.

The United Nations

• Human Development Index (HDI) 2024 Leader: Assessment of which country tops the Human Development Index (HDI) $2024$ table.
• International Day of Yoga: Observance and date identification for the International Day of Yoga.
• International Women's Day: Observance and date identification for International Women's Day.
• International Atomic Energy Agency Headquarters: Location identification for the headquarters of the International Atomic Energy Agency.