ENZYMES/PHOTOSYNTHESIS

ATP-a form of energy that the cell can use( like a battery). It has 3 phosphates on it’s side, the third of which can be broken off to release energy.

ADP-(adenosine diphosphate) ATP after the third phosphate is removed and energy has been released. 

ATP hydrolysis-required to brake the phosphate off the atp, 

ATP synthesis-the process of putting the phosphate back on (requires energy)

Activation energy-the amount of energy needed for a reaction/cell process to happen. (rolling a ball up a hill)

Enzymes-substrate specific, reusable proteins that lower the activation energy required, so the process becomes faster.

substrates-what is being broken down into products by the enzyme. 

Active site-the portion of the enzyme that interacts with the substrate

cofactors/coenzymes-substances that help enzymes function

competitive inhibitor-inhibits by binding/locking to the active site

noncompetitive inhibitor-inhibits by binding allosterically (away from the active site)

Thylakoid-the discs in the the chloroplasts that cause photosynthesis to occur

Stroma- the liquid around the thylakoid

Light dependent stage-the part of photosynthesis that makes ATP and NADPH. 

Photosystem 2-Light is absorbed by chlorophyll on photosystem, Energy is transferred to a high energy electron

Thylakoid lumen in Photosynthesis-H2O is broken up 3 ways by the thylakoid lumen into oxygen, electron and hydrogen ion, the electron is used to the replace the one that the cytochrome complex uses

The cytochrome complex-powered by electrons to move hydrogen ions into the thylokoid 

ATP synthase-Hydrogen ions/protons flow from high to low concentration through atp synthase to the stroma. The ATP synthase creates ATP from adp and a Phosphate that flow through it, using energy as it rotates, following the current to the stroma.

Photosystem 1-Light is absorbed by the chlorophyll in the photo system, Energy is transferred to an electron from photo system 2, and NADP+ is created with the electron

Light independent stage-the part of photosynthesis in which the chloroplasts make glucose

Light independent equation-co2+ATP+NADPH=C6H12O6

The photosynthesis equation-6Co2+6H20 —-light energy—> 1C6H1206, 6O2

chlorophyll A-a pigment that releases high energy electrons. Absorbs all other colors besides green, and reflects back green to hit our eyes.

Accessory pigments-chlorophyll and carotenoids

ATP-a form of energy that the cell can use( like a battery). It has 3 phosphates on it’s side, the third of which can be broken off to release energy.

ADP-(adenosine diphosphate) ATP after the third phosphate is removed and energy has been released. 

ATP hydrolysis-required to brake the phosphate off the atp, 

ATP synthesis-the process of putting the phosphate back on (requires energy)

Activation energy-the amount of energy needed for a reaction/cell process to happen. (rolling a ball up a hill)

Enzymes-substrate specific, reusable proteins that lower the activation energy required, so the process becomes faster.

substrates-what is being broken down into products by the enzyme. 

Active site-the portion of the enzyme that interacts with the substrate

cofactors/coenzymes-substances that help enzymes function

competitive inhibitor-inhibits by binding/locking to the active site

noncompetitive inhibitor-inhibits by binding allosterically (away from the active site)

Thylakoid-the discs in the the chloroplasts that cause photosynthesis to occur

Stroma- the liquid around the thylakoid

Light dependent stage-the part of photosynthesis that makes ATP and NADPH. 

Photosystem 2-Light is absorbed by chlorophyll on photosystem, Energy is transferred to a high energy electron

Thylakoid lumen in Photosynthesis-H2O is broken up 3 ways by the thylakoid lumen into oxygen, electron and hydrogen ion, the electron is used to the replace the one that the cytochrome complex uses

The cytochrome complex-powered by electrons to move hydrogen ions into the thylokoid 

ATP synthase-Hydrogen ions/protons flow from high to low concentration through atp synthase to the stroma. The ATP synthase creates ATP from adp and a Phosphate that flow through it, using energy as it rotates, following the current to the stroma.

Photosystem 1-Light is absorbed by the chlorophyll in the photo system, Energy is transferred to an electron from photo system 2, and NADP+ is created with the electron

Light independent stage-the part of photosynthesis in which the chloroplasts make glucose

Light independent equation-co2+ATP+NADPH=C6H12O6

The photosynthesis equation-6Co2+6H20 —-light energy—> 1C6H1206, 6O2

chlorophyll A-a pigment that releases high energy electrons. Absorbs all other colors besides green, and reflects back green to hit our eyes.

Accessory pigments-chlorophyll and carotenoids