Glossary

competitive exclusion principle: two species competing for the same food source cannot coexist in the same place; cannot occupy the same niche.

niche: an ecological role

commensalism: one benefits and the other doesn't, but is not harmed.

last eukaryotic common ancestor (LECA) - was a protist

protists: defined by what they are not; NOT related to plants, animals, or fungi

Species of Plasmodium:

• Falciparum - affect the brain, main cause of cerebral malaria, majority of deaths globally.

  • 90% cases in Africa, 50% in Southeast Asia

• Vivax - immunity for people with Duffy antigen, can cause severe malaria in 1/5 cases.

  • 90% cases in Asia, South America, 50% cases in Southeast Asia

• Malariae - milder symptoms

  • 2% in Africa, sporadic in Asia + South America

• Ovale - milder symtoms

  • 8% in Africa.

Red Algae (archaeplastida):

• multicellular

• flat and branched

  • can be fillamentous

• can be red/dark green

• marine + near shores
  

Green Algae (archaeplastida):

• most unicellular

  • some multicellular

• most filamentous

• various habitats

• highly symbiotic with plants, fungi, and animals

• plants thought to be derived from a type of green algae: Charophytes

Amoebae:

• pseudopods - form when the cytoplasm streams forward in a certain direction

• slime moulds:

  • plasmodial - single multinucleated cells

    • the maze mould that emit chemicals trails to recall where it has gone

    • find best routes for Japanese transit

  • cellular - single cells that can aggregate to form a multicellular organism

    • emit chemical signal when food is low, attracting more moulds to form a cluster

    • preform altruism - selflessness

      • sacrifices for the better of the population, not the individual