intro to MH 1815-1914

  • MAPS AND GEOGRAPHY!

    Languages, peoples and political divisions of Europe, 1815 – 1914 – Lithuanian Maps

Revolutions:

  • 1789: French Revolution, but this should be considered a whole decade. In the first republic, citizens were essentially created with the idea of popular sovereignty. A period of political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789, and ended with the coup of 18 Brumaire in November 1799 and the formation of the French Consulate.

  • 1830: The July Revolution, a second French Revolution after the first in 1789. It led to the overthrow of King Charles X, the French Bourbon monarch, and the ascent of his cousin Louis Philippe, Duke of Orléans

  • 1848: A series of republican revolts against European monarchies, beginning in Sicily and spreading to France, Germany, Italy, and the Austrian Empire. They all ended in failure and repression and were followed by widespread disillusionment among liberals.

  • 1871: Paris commune after the Franco-Prussian war. Despite lasting only two months, the Paris Commune introduced many concepts including women’s rights, worker’s rights and the separation of church and state. The uprising came to an end when troops from the Third Republic reclaimed power following a vicious week of fighting that left at least 10,000 Parisians dead and much of the city destroyed. 

  • 1905: Russian revolution known as the First Russian Revolution, began on 22 January 1905. A wave of mass political and social unrest then began to spread across the vast areas of the Russian Empire. The unrest was directed primarily against the Tsar, the nobility, and the ruling class.

  • 1917: The February Revolution, known in Soviet historiography as the February Bourgeois Democratic Revolution and sometimes as the March Revolution or February Coup was the first of two revolutions which took place in Russia in 1917. The first stage of the Russian Revolution of 1917, in which the monarchy was overthrown and replaced by the Provisional Government

Concepts

  • State

  • Economy

  • Social structure

  • Culture

  • Nation