Vertebrate Anatomy: Common Vertebral Parts

Vertebrate Anatomy: Common Vertebral Parts

  • This section focuses on the anatomical parts common to all vertebrates.
  • Refer to the textbook diagram to enhance understanding.
  • The three different types of vertebrae (cervical, thoracic, and lumbar) share common basic parts, despite their distinct appearances.

Vertebrae Types

  • Cervical Vertebrae:
    • Located in the neck; there are seven cervical vertebrae.
    • Identified by the presence of three foramina (holes) instead of one.
  • Thoracic Vertebrae:
    • Located in the center.
  • Lumbar Vertebrae:
    • Located in the lower back.
    • Chunky and stout in appearance due to the need to support more body weight.

Vertebral Parts

  • Spinous Process:
    • Most posterior portion of the vertebra.
    • Can be felt from the surface of the body on the back.
    • The lumps running down the center of your back.
    • Serves as a muscle attachment site.
  • Transverse Processes:
    • Extend laterally on either side of the vertebra.
    • Also muscle attachment sites.
    • In thoracic vertebrae, they also serve as rib attachment sites.
  • Vertebral Foramen:
    • The major hole in each vertebra.
    • Houses the spinal cord.
    • Collectively, these foramina form a long vertebral canal for the spinal cord.
  • Body of Vertebra:
    • The weight-bearing part of each vertebra.