jazz finalllll

Who were the three main musicians that played with Benny Goodman in the “first” integrated jazz group?

  • Teddy Wilson (piano)

  • Lionel Hampton 

  • Charlie Christian (guitar)


What is significant about the musical relationship between Duke Ellington and Billy Strayhorn?

  • Created a unique compositional style

  • Collaborative musical relationship


Who composed “Take the A Train?”

  • Billy Strayhorn


Duke Ellington

  • Colors

  • Synthesia 

    • “Hear color” “see color”

  • Trained as a visual artist 

  • His arrangements: looked at the skills set he had among his musicians and arranged the tunes to incorporate and highlight them into his own arrangements

  • Long form jazz

  • “Ellighton Effect” - a combination of everything above^

    • Uses all of his skills of instruments and designs them to highlight the mood


Who was known as the “First Lady of Song?”

  • Ella Fitzgerald


Billie Holiday 

  • “Lady Day”


Ethel Waters

  • “Sweet Mama Stringbean”


Whose band is most commonly associated with Kansas City? How would you describe their style?

  • Count Basie Orchestra

  • Count Basie took over Benny Moten's band n KC

    • Benny Moten used to be in charge of the band

  • Styke: blue chords progression, blue notes, riff-based 


New York Club

  • Cotton Club (a plantation club)


Who was Eddie Durham?

  • A trombonist and guitarist and arranger

  • Played in pre-cursors of the band 

  • In the Benny Moten band


Swing 

  • Faster dancing music 

  • Feeling of momentum

  • “Lindy Hop”

  • “Foxtrot” 


What is head arrangement?

  • “Head” - the songs melody (the main melody) 

  • Agreed upon with the band

  • An arrangement worked out, often collectively 


Describe the difference between scat and vocalise:

  • “Vocalise” - sung on vowels, composed melody

    • Generally less improvised

  • “Scat” - generally improvised, songs on vocables (syllables) 

    • Refers to the improvisation part


Define orchestration:

What does it mean “to orchestrate” a song?

  • To what instruments are playing what

  • Choosing what instruments will play which part


Arrangers:

  • Fletcher Hendesron was an important early swing arranger and bandleader, and he also had arrangers working in his band.

  • What are the names of two important arrangers for Fletcher Henderson?

  • Don Redman 

  • Benny Carter


After his band broke up, Fletcher Henderson became the arranger for “Benny Goodman’s” big band. 


Benny Goodman - “The King of Swing”


Swing Bands:

  • What was significant about the international SweetHearts of Rhythm?

    • All female band

    • Racially and ethnically mixed

    • Rose during the World War


Who was the first white musician to play with the International SweetHearts of Rhythm?

  • Roz Cron

  • “Darkened her skin” because at the time, it was not acceptable


Who was Willie Mae “Rabbit” Wong:

  • Played in ISR


Who was the original singer on the recording, “It Don’t Mean a Thing?”

  • Ivie Anderson


Who are the most common instruments/sections in a swing band? 

  • No violins

  • Brass sections (trumpets, trombones, tuba, clarinets)

  • Rhythm section (drums, guitar, piano)


Look back at Baby Dodd’s Trio: Jazz A’La Creole

  • Connected to Mardi Gras Indian Music

  • Appearance of someone

  • Remember who players are


Illinois Jacque

  • Study him