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Two kinds of cells: Neurons and glial

     

 Neurons receive information and transmit it to other cells. A messengers.

      Neurons - They use *__electrical impulses and chemical signals__* to transmit information

Glial/Glial Cells - held the neurons together. Provide support and protection to the neurons

Glial cells are smaller than neurons but are greater in number than nerve cells

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Main founders of Neuroscience: Santiago Ramón Y Cajal and Charles Sherrington

Santiago Ramón Y Cajal - Pioneer of Neuroscience. imprisoned in a solitary cell, limited to one meal a day, and taken out daily for public flogging at the age of 10– for the crime of *__not paying attention during his Latin Class.__*

   

Camillo Golgi - was an *__Italian biologist and pathologist__* known for his works on the *__central nervous system.__*

   Golgi created the *__black reaction technique__*

 *__found a way to stain nerve cells with silver salts.__*



     

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      Animal Cells - typical of the eukaryotic cell

      Plasma Membrane - separates the inside of the cell from the outside

      Nucleus - structure that contains the chromosomes.

      Mitochondrion - performs metabolic activities.

      Ribosomes - sites for cell that synthesize new protein molecules.

      Endoplasmic Reticulum - network of thin tubes that transport newly synthesized proteins to other locations.

      Dendrites – where a neuron receives input from other cells. Greek word *“tree”.*

      Cell Body or Soma - contains the nucleus, ribosomes, mitochondria. Greek for *"body",* plural: *so-mata.*

      Axon - thin fiber. Greek word *"axis"*

      Afferent - Brings information into a structure. Also called __sensory information__ (vision, hearing, smell, taste, touch, etc.)

      Efferent - carries information away from a structure. Also called __motor neurons.__

      Interneuron/Intrinsic neuron - they connect __spinal motor__ and __sensory neurons.__