DNA Replication Notes

DNA Replication

DNA replication is the process by which DNA is copied in cells before cell division.

How DNA Copies Itself

The strict base pairing rules ensure each DNA strand is complementary to the other.

Example 1:
TACCGGCAT is complementary to ATGGCCGTA

Example 2:
CTAAGCTAG is complementary to GATTCGATC

Steps to DNA Replication

DNA replication occurs in the nucleus. The DNA molecule replicates with the help of enzymes.

1. DNA Helicase: Unwinds the DNA.
2. DNA Polymerase: Attaches to the DNA molecule and adds nucleotides at the replication forks, according to base pairing rules (A-T, G-C).
3. DNA Polymerase (proofreads): Checks for errors, called mutations.
4. Two Semi-Conservative Strands: Each daughter DNA strand consists of one new helix and one old helix.

DNA Replication Practice

1. ATTCGAGCTAGCCTAACTGACT
   TAAGCTCGATCGGATGACTGA
2. GCTAAGCCTCCCCAAGTCTGA
   CGATTCGGAGCGGTTCA GACT
3. GCTAATTGTCTGTTCATGCAL
   CGATTAACAGACAAGTACGTG

Mutation Detection

Find the mutation(s) and circle them:

1. Original: ATRAG ACTAGGACTGACET
   Corrected: None Provided
2. Original: GCTAAG OCTAGCCAAGT OTGA
   Corrected: None Provided
3. GCTAAG OCTAGCCAAGT OTGA
   CGATTCGGAGCGGTTCAACT