COLONIES

  • By 1624 there were only 111 people left alive. James Town

  • When there is a governor in the new state, the king decides instead of his people

  • Colonies in England are separated in regions back then

  • After plemith and james town is maryland, it was made in 1635, first colony made by an individual, propieretruy.

  • Maryland was made for English Catholics that England sent them there.

  • James town people, laws divine, moral, and martial. it predated the may flower compact by 12 years, its title is instructive. Martial hints to something military, divine law is a God law, moral law is the law you implant from Gods way.

  • There is a reason why its in order. God, morals, milita.

  • John Whinfra,

  • Rhode Island was a banishing place, misfit colony. Agitators. They were free and disorganized, until roger Williams came into the picture. He was a forward thinker who very soon upset the status quote, he was banished. He gave Rhode island the structure for it survives.

  • The first women’s liber, Ad Hutchenson. She demanded legal rights for women, speaking in church for women, cotton Mather told her to stop and threatened to execute her. After 10 years she was killed. They claimed her death was in represented by God.

  • In 1640, england reversed to civil war conflicts, it meant the colonies were left on their own. This gave the british colonies to experiment in unification and self government.

  • Salutary Neglect, whatever reason the colonies were left on their own. Restoration colonies, civil war was caused by puritans revolting against king James the 1st to reinforce Catholicism.

  • North and south Carolina, first fundamental colonies,

  • Middle Colonies, new York Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania’s had cauchers that settled first, they were pacifists, only protestant faith group, no violence at all. Eventually during the civil war the cauchers were the first faith group that doesnt let them fight in the military because its against your moral codes.

  • Cauchers were the most accomidating to the native americans, they were kept, treaty was written in english and native language, they always paid in gold or silver until the cauchers lost control politically in 1760, they never broke a treaty with the natives.

  • It was routine in pennsyvania and the cauchers to leave native americans to be babysitters, there was no abuse to them.

  • New York, originally was settled by the Dutch, use to be identified as New Amsterdam. The only significant colony found in mainland in America, only colony. Our cultural heritage comes a lot from dutch people.

  • Eventually the english, IN england when their people immigrated to maerica, new york. Amglicam (church of england and america). The settles in NY itself without violence took over NYC, took it away from the dutch, (peacefully).

  • There was neevr a greta deal of jewish immigration to the americas to england, little there was went through the dutch. There were only about 250 jews in all of Colonies. Not a major refugee for the jews.

  • New Jersey and Delaware, the last one to be organized was Georgia, Georgia was built spoecifically as a buffer zone between england and spain in north america. Spain owned most west of the Mississippi, only direct colony that interacted with England, was florida. Basically to direct no conflict between England and spain, north america, political reasons. Last colony established.

1) COLONIAL WAYS OF LIFE

  • Population growth, by 1750 the number of colonists in British north america, over a million, then over 5 million

  • death rates and birth rates, colonies had more birth rates, they had less women inthe other colonies and more in England.

  • Death rates were higher in England because giving birth, 90% of the time the women died. if they surivied the first year their surivival rate was 70 -80%, unlimited supply now of heat, like wood (creating a fire) unlimited fuel, unlimted building material wood, unlimited food source, fishing, hunting, but the main things that added surivival rate was lack of POPULATION DENSITY.

  • Population Density means how many humans lived ina fixed area. How many people live in whatever square miles apart. The dencer of a population in a single area is, the worse your death is, it can spread to host to host because of bacteria, pollution, air quality, big cities because people are closer to each other is public hygiene and health. Colonies origginally didnt have that concern because they were so spread out. As they grew it became more and more mortality rate.

  • Women in the colonies had no legal or social religious rights, raising he family was the primary job, most male children followed their father’s occupation 90% of them. The women made all of the clothing for the family, the women ran the household and the men did the heavy lifting, went to go work outside.

  • Women tended to have more opportunities to enter mail dominanted occupations, because what if their husbands die the town loses their blacksmith, the women can take over cus she always watched him do the job and knows. As women were more concerned of their rights, civil rights started in the U.S. for womens rights.

  • Puritan ethic is based on abstenance, moderation in all things, they went to dances they just didnt dance on the sabbath, wore bright colored just not in the sabbath, you can drink but dont get drunk, you can gamble just dont go in debt.

  • The British colonial experience was a hiccup, there was only 120 people were accused of being witches, executing 30 - 40 people. Most people accused of witchcraft is for females, there were tests, 1st a water test, they would tie up a person their hands and feet, and dump them in a pond, if they floated they were guilty if they sank they were guilty. another way was to stick out your hand and drop a hot rock or coal, burn your hand, stick in in the church if it came out healed you werent a witch if it was healed you area witch. Women would get tied up or drowned.

  • 50 or older, single, were accused of witchcraft usually, or in a community with a bad rep, to be a productive part of the community you have to produce resources.

  • Cats are the least amount of up keep. Catrs were a dominant pet, they gave comfort and kept rats, vermons out. Apparently associated with evil spirits.

  • A lot of historians maintain that these witch hunts was an unconscious attempt was to get rid of a undominant society, old women.

  • Slave, the trans atlantic slave trade was active to 1550 when america abloished the slave thing until 1808, Eureopean nations went to africa and kidnapped them, shipping them over, to the middle passage, needed to do work in the new world because new world crops had a very high necesity for labor. 3 most important cops were indigo (dyes and inks), sugar canes, and rice. They have to grow in water, a swamp. In the swamps and waters, alligaors, bugs, snakes occupied it, the average worker in that field that worked with these plants were 3 MONTHS, a laborer in a tobacco or cotton plantation was 10-12 years. Mainly because theres no dangerous animals in that area.

POSSIBLE LABOR TOOLS: ( NO order)

  • colonistS themselves, their kids

  • CONVICTs, prisoners

  • endensured servants

  • NATIVE AMERICANS

  • SLAVES


colonists themselves never worked in plantations,

convicts will probably escape if not guarded (CON)

indentured servant is someone that was skilled, contract someone to pay their way over here, and are required to work for them to 7-10 years. This is bad for plantations because you won’t pay them a lot for them to just die 3-4 months later.

Native Americans werent much of an option because they had went sosmehwere else or culturated

Slaves, 40-50 million afircans were forcably removed and moved to the americas, Less of 3 percent went to england or britain. Most of them were in the carribean because thats where the crops were most flowing.

The west coast was the worst in slave trade.

The Europeans sent Africans to kidnap other Africans because they had nothing to protect themselves with disease.