AN225+Gross+Anatomy+notes
Module AN225: Gross Anatomy Summary
Page 1: Introduction
Module: AN225 Gross Anatomy 2016-2017
Page 2: Table of Contents
Units Overview:
Unit 1: Basic Anatomical Terminology
Unit 2: The Musculoskeletal System I
Unit 3: The Vascular System
Unit 4: Organization of the Nervous System
Unit 5: The Musculoskeletal System II
Unit 6: Anatomy of the Upper Limb
Appendix
Page 3: Unit 1 - Basic Anatomical Terminology
1.1 Introduction:
Body parts named using Latin/Greek.
Example: Foramen magnum means 'large opening'.
1.2 Learning Objectives:
Understand anatomical position, planes, and terminology (e.g., anterior, posterior).
1.3 Anatomical Position:
Body is upright, arms at sides, palms forward.
1.4 Imaginary Planes:
Median, coronal, transverse.
Page 4: Anatomical Terminology Continued
1.5 Position Terms:
Anterior vs. posterior, superior vs. inferior.
1.6 Movements in Planes:
Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, etc.
Page 5: Understanding Movement
1.7 Types of Movement:
Circumduction: Combined movements.
Rotation and Pronation/Supination: Limb movement around axis.
Page 6: Understanding Position Terminology
1.8 Positioning Terms:
Proximal vs. distal, medial vs. lateral, etc.
Page 9: Body Organization
1.10 Levels of Organization:
Cells, tissues, organs, systems.
1.11 Unit Review:
Understanding descriptive terms and systems of the body.
Page 10: Self-Assessment Questions
True/False questions on anatomical position and terms.
Page 11: Unit 2 - The Musculoskeletal System I
2.1 Overview:
Structure/function of skeleton and bones.
Page 12: The Skeleton
Axial vs. Appendicular:
Main components and support for movement.
Page 13: Bone Structure Basics
Bone Types: Long, short, flat, irregular.
Page 14: Blood Supply to Bones
Vascularization:
Importance of blood supply for health.
Page 15: Development of Bones
Bone Formation Types:
Intramembranous vs. endochondral ossification.
Page 18: Fractures and Healing
Types of Fractures: Closed vs. compound, and healing stages.
Page 20: Unit 3 - The Vascular System
3.1 Overview:
Importance of cardiovascular and lymphatic systems.
Page 28: Lymphatic System Overview
Function:
Returns interstitial fluid to circulatory system.
Page 32: Unit Review of Vascular System
Key concepts of blood flow, structures, and lymphatics.
Page 34: Unit 4 - Organization of the Nervous System
4.1 Introduction:
CNS, PNS, and autonomic systems.
Page 36: Peripheral Nervous System Structure
Anatomy of intercostal nerves and spinal cord overview.
Page 40: CNS Organization
Cell types in CNS: Neurons and glial cells.
Page 49: Unit 5 - The Musculoskeletal System II
Structure and function of vertebral column.
Page 61: Movements and Stabilization of Vertebral Column
Types of movements and common pathologies.
Page 62: Unit 6 - Anatomy of the Upper Limb
Anatomy and musculature of the upper limbs.
Page 79: Branches of Brachial Plexus
Major nerves and their innervations.
Injuries: Consequences of nerve damage.
Page 81: Appendix
Answers to self-assessment questions for review.