In-Depth Notes on Goat Management and Industry in New Zealand

Introduction to Goats as Pets and Livestock
  • Goats can be kept as pets, with Nigerian dwarf goats being a popular choice.
  • The speaker shares their experience as a vet, particularly in managing a large number of goats on a single property.
Societal Context of Goats in New Zealand
  • Goats, while important globally (second to cattle), are not a major livestock species in New Zealand.
  • The focus will be on non-commercial goats and their management systems in New Zealand, rather than pastoral practices found in Africa.
Goat Management Systems
  • Understanding goat nutrition is crucial; this includes what goats can eat versus what they are fed.
  • Housing systems for dairy goats will be discussed, as well as the reasons goats are kept.
Uses of Goats in Agriculture
  • Goats are versatile animals and are kept for various reasons:
  • Fiber Production: Mohair and cashmere are significant products of specific breeds.
  • Meat: Goat meat is commonly sought after in many countries; however, it is less popular in New Zealand.
  • Milk: Goat's milk is used for cheese and other dairy products.
  • Weed Control: Goats are effective at managing invasive plant species and can help convert scrubland into pasture.
Goat Fiber Industry
  • Key fibers produced by goats include:
  • Mohair: Harvested from Angora goats; the industry has declined from 1.3 million goats to enthusiasts.
  • Cashmere: A byproduct of various goat breeds, though New Zealand’s market is small compared to international standards.
Nutritional Needs and Feeding Goats
  • The diet of goats differs from that of sheep; they are browsers and prefer shrubs and weeds over grass.
  • Fencing must be secure as goats are known for escaping.
  • Goats require specific management strategies for feeding to ensure high-quality meat production.
Goat Breeds and Meat Production
  • Various breeds are mentioned, such as:
  • Boer goats, known for efficient growth rates and meat production.
  • The global demand for goat meat is higher than for lamb in many regions, though New Zealand's supply remains underdeveloped.
Profitability and Market Dynamics
  • Goat farming in New Zealand presents challenges:
  • High costs associated with production, particularly in feed and care.
  • Many goat farms focus on niche markets or petting zoos rather than mass production.
Dairy Goat Farming in New Zealand
  • Dairy goat farms employ a unique management system, often using a cut-and-carry approach for feeding.
  • Loose housing systems are common, unlike traditional dairy cow practices in New Zealand.
  • Lameness and foot care are routine management issues that need addressing.
Conclusion and Future Considerations
  • Goat farming requires a high level of commitment and care, which may appeal more to animal lovers than traditional farmers looking for low-maintenance livestock.
  • Questions remain about the future of goat farming in New Zealand, particularly regarding profitability and market demands.