Pulse Taking
Pulse Taking Overview
Pulse positions are categorized as:
Front (Sun)
Middle (Guan)
Rear (Chi)
Each position correlates with Yin and Yang organs located on the left and right sides of the body:
Front (Sun):
Left: Heart and Small Intestine
Right: Lungs and Large Intestine
Middle (Guan):
Left: Liver and Gallbladder
Right: Spleen and Stomach
Rear (Chi):
Left: Kidney and Bladder
Right: Gate of Vitality (Mingmen)
Mingmen: Physiological fire related to Kidney Yang and lower burner
Energy Types and Positions
Energy Types: Each position relates to a specific energy type as follows:
Front (Sun): Related to Chi (energetic layer), connected to the upper burner (heart and lungs)
Middle (Guan): Associated with Blood and the middle burner (stomach and spleen)
Rear (Chi): Involves more Yin, indicating organ functions in the lower burner (kidneys)
Taking the Pulse
Positioning:
Use three fingers on the radial pulse, each corresponding to layers:
Middle finger: Under the styloid process
Index finger: Between the middle finger and the wrist crease
Ring finger: Equidistant below the middle finger
Pressure Methodology: Start superficially, then progress deeper, checking for differences in pulse strength and quality.
Moving Techniques to Assess Pulse Quality
Types of Movements:
Lifting: Assess strength of the pulse at the superficial level by gently lifting fingers.
Pressing: Press down to evaluate pulse at both the middle and deep levels.
Searching: Remain still to assess the rate of the pulse (slow, normal, rapid).
Pushing: Move fingers from medial to lateral to analyze shape and quality of the pulse.
Rolling: Move fingers proximal to distal to ascertain if the pulse is short or long.
Factors Influencing Pulse Assessment
Seasons: Influences quality of pulse, e.g., deeper pulses in winter (associated with kidneys) versus wiry pulses in spring (indicating liver activity).
Gender Differences: Men's pulses may show stronger qualities on the left (heart-related), whereas women's may be stronger on the right, though this may be influenced by individual variations.
Athletes: Generally have slower pulses, which must be considered in context of normal for each individual.
Pulse Qualities and Definitions
Normal Pulse:
Normal Range: 60-100 beats per minute. Normal: Gentle, calm, with moderate quality indicating good stomach chi.
Floating and Deep Pulses: Explain the surface vs. deep characteristics o Floating pulses indicate exterior pathogenic invasions.
Categories of Pulses:
Slow Pulses: Less than 60 beats per minute, associated with cold patterns (deficiency or full cold).
Rapid Pulses: Greater than 90 beats per minute, indicating heat patterns (empty or full heat).
Empty & Full Determination:
Empty: Soft, can be pushed through indicating deficiency.
Full: Hard, indicates excess or stagnation.
Detailed Pulse Qualities
Full Pulses:
Definitions:
Full: Feeling large, possibly harder, indicative of excess.
Overflowing: Superficially large and extends beyond normal channels, indicating extreme heat.
Wiry: Indicating disharmony (often liver-related), feels well-defined and taut.
Tight: Indicates interior or exterior cold, related to pain.
Conclusion on Influencing Factors
Evaluating the pulse requires an understanding of individual physiology, environmental conditions, and clinically relevant histories. Adjustments must be made based on context specific to the patient.