Notes on Critique Paper and Concept Paper

Lesson 2: Writing a Critique Paper

  • Objectives

    • Define what a critique paper is.

    • Identify the processes of critiquing a paper.

    • Identify the critique format.

  • What is a critique paper?

    • A critique paper is a detailed analysis or evaluation of a book, journal article, and artwork, among other sources.

    • Basically, these papers include a critical evaluation of the item under reflection.

  • Academic writing expectations

    • Learners must follow an academic writing style.

    • Include different sections: introduction, body, and conclusion.

    • Applicable across genres: Creative Works (novels, exhibits, films, images, poetry); Research (journal articles, systematic reviews, theories); Media (news reports, feature articles).

  • What to do in a critique

    • Describe → give the reader a sense of the writer’s overall purpose and intent.

    • Analyze → examine how the structure and language convey meaning.

    • Interpret → state the significance or importance of each part of the text.

    • Assess → make a judgment of the work’s worth or value.

  • Being critical requires…

    • Analysis of evidence

    • Making a judgment based on evidence

    • Understanding of the topic

    • Evaluating

    • Developing your argument

    • Questioning – Who? What? Why? How? So what?

    • Exploring – examining different perspectives on the same topic

    • Evaluating – look for strengths and weaknesses; consider credibility, reliability, and validity of information

    • Developing your critical argument in relation to the evidence presented (your opinion backed up with facts)

  • Tips in critiquing a piece of event

    • Make notes as you read.

    • Organize notes into different points relevant to the article you are critiquing.

    • Keep a list of all sources you have read.

    • Always keep a record of the full reference (books, journal articles, reports, etc.).

  • Structure and style

    • Like an essay, a critique paper uses a formal, academic writing style and has a clear structure: Introduction, Body, Conclusion.

  • The Critique Format for Nonfiction (key elements)

    • Name/title of the work being reviewed; Date created; Name of the author.

    • Describe the main argument or purpose of the work.

    • The introduction is typically short, less than 10%10\% of the word length of the entire paper being critiqued.

    • Explain how the perspective of the paper relates to social or political context.

    • Have a concluding sentence that signposts what your evaluation will be (positive, negative, or mixed).

    • Objective description of a major point in the work.

    • Detailed analysis of how the work conveys an idea or concept.

    • Interpretation of the concept.

    • A critical evaluation does not simply highlight negative impressions; it should deconstruct the work and identify strengths and weaknesses.

    • Conclusion: a brief paragraph including the overall evaluation and a summary of key reasons.

    • References: include all resources cited; check with your lecturer/tutor for the required referencing style.

  • Checklists and practice

    • Checklist of a critique (key prompts):

    • Have I mentioned the name of the work, the date, and the creator?

    • Have I accurately summarized the work being critiqued?

    • Am I mainly focusing on the critical evaluation of each element to achieve the overall purpose?

    • Have I used evidence from the work itself and other sources to back my assessment?

    • Have I formed an overall evaluation based on critical reading?

    • Is my introduction, body, and conclusion well-structured?

    • Is grammar, spelling, punctuation correct, with clear presentation and appropriate referencing?

    • Use of a formal structure and precise language helps ensure credibility.

  • Let’s wrap up (key questions)

    • What is a critique paper?

    • What are some varieties of works that critiques can be used for?

    • What are the general guidelines for critiquing a piece of writing?

    • What are some requirements to be critical in critiquing a piece of work?

    • What is the form of language and structure of your paper in writing a critique?

    • What are the suggested contents of your introduction, body, and conclusion?

Lesson 3: Writing a Concept Paper

  • Recap and context

    • Concept (con·cept): something conceived in the mind; thought or notion.

    • A concept paper aims to clarify a concept, which can be about any topic from any field.

    • It can be a short summary that tells the reader what the project is, why it is important, and how it will be carried out.

    • Project proposals vs research proposals: a concept paper captures thoughts and ideas; a research proposal structures ideas for approval to research.

    • It is not easy to write a concept paper, but careful study and research can yield one.

    • Methods to elucidate a concept include: Definition, Explication, and Clarification.

  • Ways to elucidate a concept

    • Definition: using illustrations, examples, and description to clarify the term.

    • Explication: analyzing and interpreting a text or piece of literature to uncover deeper meaning (involves preliminary identification, literature research, empirical description, and operational definition).

    • Clarification: organizing points from a general abstract idea to specific and concrete examples; goal is to remove confusion and ensure clear understanding.

  • Types of definition

    • Informal definition: giving a parenthetical or brief explanation (e.g., Tocopherol (Vitamin E) is found in vegetable oil, fish, and nuts).

    • Formal definition: term, category, and quality that differentiates it within a category (e.g., Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin that acts as an antioxidant).

    • Extended definition: when a brief definition is not enough, a longer, multi-sentence explanation is used (e.g., Vitamin E description with its roles and context).

    • Example (Vitamin E): a fat-soluble vitamin with forms; alpha-tocopherol is used by the human body; main role is antioxidant activity and immune support, plus cardiovascular benefits.

  • Concept paper elements (clarifying and exploring concepts)

    • Definition/Explication/Clarification as key elucidation methods.

    • Preliminary identification of the concept (main idea or theme).

    • Literature research (check other studies/works to explain the text).

    • Empirical description (describe observable details from the text).

    • Operational definition (clearly define how the concept is used in context).

    • Clarification helps remove ambiguity by organizing points from general to specific examples.

  • Examples and applications

    • Cancel culture: defined as collective withdrawal of support due to perceived moral or social unacceptability; includes public backlash, organizing efforts, and implications for free speech and justice debates.

    • The viral campaign and social impact projects: examples for applying concept paper to social campaigns and public issues.

    • Sample topics discussed include Safe Spaces Act campaigns in schools, and other social campaigns (e.g., #MeToo, anti-harassment efforts) with reference to policy and social context.

  • Uses of a concept paper

    • To interest potential funders.

    • To develop potential solutions or investigations into project ideas.

    • To determine whether a project is fundable.

    • To serve as the foundation of a full proposal.

  • Kinds and parts of a concept paper

    • Concept proposal for academic research (structure):

    • 1. TITLE

    • 2. INTRODUCTION

    • 3. NEED FOR THE STUDY

    • 4. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

    • 5. OBJECTIVES

    • 6. RESEARCH QUESTIONS & HYPOTHESES

    • 7. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

    • 8. REFERENCES

    • Example: Title – “Promoting Safe Spaces: A Campaign to Implement the Safe Spaces Act in Senior High Schools”

    • Introduction: overview of gender-based harassment and the Safe Spaces Act

    • Need for the Study: rising harassment cases; lack of awareness

    • Background: legal framework, prior studies, and campaign efforts

    • Objectives: increase awareness, reduce incidents, promote respectful behavior

    • Research Questions: level of awareness among students? effectiveness of campaign materials?

    • Methodology: survey, focus groups, implementation of campaign posters/events

    • References: cited laws, academic articles, campaign materials

    • Concept paper for a project/product development (structure):

    • 1. COVER PAGE (Proponent's name, contact, agency, submission date)

    • 2. INTRODUCTION

    • 3. RATIONALE/BACKGROUND (problems to be solved; significance)

    • 4. PROJECT DESCRIPTION (objectives, methodology, outcomes)

    • 5. PROJECT NEEDS & COST (budget, item descriptions, amounts, equipment)

  • Templates and activities

    • Your Turn: NU: Nurture and Uplift

    • Elements to fill: Topic/Issue/Problem; Passion Project Name; Tagline; Brief Objective

    • Example project title ideas (e.g., MakeAGIF.com) used to illustrate project framing

    • Essential questions and agenda for the day (e.g., What values will you exemplify by creating a project?)

  • Additional notes on concept paper practice

    • Essential questions and brainstorming prompts to cultivate project ideas.

    • Springboard activity prompts encourage imagining unlimited resources to solve community issues.

    • Real-world samples such as Shark Tank-style presentations and community impact campaigns provide context for applying concept papers to tangible projects.

  • Key recap and terminology (scrambled terms from activity)

    • Understand the core actions you should perform in a concept paper: DESCRIBE, INTRODUCTION, ANALYZE, INTERPRET, ASSESS, CONCLUSION, REFERENCE, BODY, EXPLORE (EXPLORATION), etc. (useful reminders of the functions of each section)

  • End of lessons note

    • Objectives for concept paper: define what a concept paper is and identify its types and parts; determine how to elucidate a concept; write a concept paper for a project related to a chosen topic.

  • Quick index of major topics covered

    • Critique Paper: purpose, process, structure, and format

    • Concept Paper: purpose, elucidation methods, definitions, clarification, and proposal structures

    • Examples and practice prompts to connect theory to real-world projects