PDFCh 9 Metacognition GO_

Metacognition Definition

• Definition: Thinking about thinking.

  • It acts as a regulator for thinking and learning.

  • Involves the strategic application of various types of knowledge to achieve goals and solve problems.

Types of Knowledge

1. Declarative Knowledge

   • Definition: Knowledge concerning factors that influence learning and memory.

   • Example: Understanding that a reliable car will help you reach your destination.

2. Procedural Knowledge

   • Definition: Knowledge on how to implement learning strategies effectively.

   • Example: Knowing how to drive a car proficiently.

3. Self-Regulatory Knowledge

   • Definition: Knowledge that ensures task completion and knowing how/when to apply strategies.

   • Example: Altering study strategies based on the format of an exam, such as preparing differently for short answer vs. multiple choice.

Essential Skills Associated with Metacognition

• Metacognition regulates thinking and learning through specific skills:

  • Planning:

    • Deciding on resource gathering, strategy identification, time management, and the order of task execution.

    • Examples:

      • Assessing how much time to allocate for a task.

      • Identifying beneficial study times.

  • Monitoring:

    • Maintaining real-time awareness of one's own understanding and pace during learning.

    • Examples:

      • Asking oneself if the material makes sense.

      • Tracking whether enough study time has been allocated.

  • Evaluating:

    • Making judgements about one’s own learning process post-task.

    • Examples:

      • Reflecting on feelings about an exam and evaluating if the outcome reflects deserved performance.

      • Planning adjustments for future improvements.