Expired and Recalled Products
FDA Approval Process and Expiration Dates
The FDA collaborates with manufacturers to establish expiration dates for medications.
It's essential to check expiration dates on all products before dispensing to ensure that prescriptions are likely to be used prior to their expiration.
Upon receiving new inventory, evaluate expiration dates on all items, including those currently in stock.
Expired medications must be removed from shelves according to pharmacy protocols.
Expiration dates can vary based on storage environments.
Examples of Expiration Date Changes
Famotidine Vials for Injection:
Manufacturer expiration date applies under controlled refrigerated temperatures.
Once removed from refrigeration, expiration changes to months at room temperature.
Insulin:
Manufacturer expiration date applies when refrigerated.
At room temperature, the expiration is shortened to 28 days.
Expired medications should be securely stored for disposal.
Disposal of Expired Medications
For controlled substances, follow additional steps:
Remove from perpetual inventory log.
Complete a DEA Form 41 for disposal.
Require two witnesses for disposal.
Companies can hire reverse distributors to manage documentation and disposal of expired medications.
Some pharmacies may receive credits for returning expired medications.
Adverse Effects and Recalls
The FDA receives reports of adverse effects or misbranding via the MedWatch program, allowing healthcare professionals and consumers to report concerns.
If a product poses a public health threat, the FDA will contact the manufacturer to recommend a recall.
Classes of Recall
Class I Recall:
Serious adverse effects or death highly likely.
Class II Recall:
Temporary, reversible adverse effects possible; little chance of serious effects.
Class III Recall:
Problems unlikely to cause adverse effects.
Medication manufacturers can also voluntarily recall products from the market.
Recall Notifications
Once a recall is issued, a formal letter is sent to wholesalers, sellers, and customers, marked Urgent Product Recall.
The recall letter includes:
Class of recall.
Reason for the recall.
Description of recalled products (NDC number, lot number, package size).
The lot number is critical for identifying specific batches associated with the recall.
Pharmacy Actions During Recalls
Medications included in recalls must be removed from inventory and addressed in accordance with the recall letter.
Recalled items must be pulled from floor stock and automated dispensing machines in hospitals.
In some cases, manufacturers request that recalled products be returned for inspection, or simply destroyed.
Not all recalls require patient notification; however, Class I recalls require notification to patients for medication returns and refunds.
Media involvement may be necessary to ensure communication reaches patients effectively.