Japanese grammar is characterized by its use of particles, which serve to indicate the grammatical functions of words within a sentence. Here are some essential particles to know:
は (wa): Topic marker, indicates what the sentence is about
が (ga): Subject marker, emphasizes the subject of the sentence
を (o): Object marker, indicates the direct object of a verb
に (ni): Indicates direction, place, or time
で (de): Indicates the location of an action or the means by which an action is performed.