Diathermy ultraviolet infrared

Diathermy Overview

• Diathermy: Deep heating modality that converts electromagnetic energy into heat; more effective than hot packs for deeper tissues.

• Types of Diathermy:

  • Microwave Diathermy (MWD): Rarely used.

  • Shortwave Diathermy (SWD): Operates at 27 MHz.

• Application Methods:

  • Capacitance: Body between electrodes for heating low conductivity tissues.

  • Inductance: Magnetic fields for heating highly conductive tissues.

• Treatment Parameters:

  • Frequency: 2x daily or a few times per week.

  • Intensity: Mild warmth.

  • Duration: 20-30 mins; 10-15 mins for subacute.

• Indications: Increases blood flow and tissue extensibility, decreases pain and muscle spasms.

• Contraindications: Metal implants, pacemakers, similar to other heat forms.

Ultraviolet (UV) Therapy

• Uses light energy for skin disorders; penetrates only the epidermis, causing vasodilation and wound healing.

• Indications: Acne, wounds, psoriasis, photosensitivity conditions.

• Contraindications: Acute tuberculosis, certain chronic diseases, and during radiation therapy.

• Precautions: Protect eyes; chronic exposure may lead to skin cancer.

Infrared Therapy

• Produces superficial heat (780-1500 nm); used for soft tissue healing.

• Indications: Chronic injuries; MIRE for diabetic neuropathy.

• Contraindications: Similar to superficial heat.

• Intensity depends on distance from the skin; typical duration is 15-30 mins with 1-2x daily frequency.