PREPOSITION

Introduction to Prepositions

  • Definition: Prepositions are words that illustrate the relationship between a noun (or pronoun) and another word within a sentence.

  • Primary Functions: They typically articulate information pertaining to:

    • Time: Denoting when an event occurs.

      • Example: "We will meet at 77 o'clock."

    • Place: Indicating the location of an object or individual.

      • Example: "The coffee is on the table."

    • Direction: Describing movement or trajectory towards a destination.

      • Example: "She walked toward the gate."

    • Manner: Explaining how an action is performed.

      • Example: "He spoke with pride."

  • Contextual Significance: Prepositions are essential for linking nouns or pronouns to other words in a sentence, thereby enriching its meaning and providing necessary context.

  • Common Examples: Frequently encountered prepositions include: in, on, at, by, under, over, between, through, with, about, and for.

Detailed Applications of the Preposition "On"

  • The preposition "on" is exceptionally versatile, employed in a wide array of idiomatic expressions and specific contexts to convey diverse meanings. Below are various applications:

    • Indicating Frequency or Duration:

      • On occasion: Describes something that happens sometimes, but not regularly. (e.g., "However, on occasion he helps the head chef…")

      • On average: Refers to a typical amount or rate. (e.g., "A human heart beats 7272 times per minute on average.")

    • Expressing General Opinion or Conclusion:

      • On the whole: Means generally or overall. (e.g., "I do have a few suggestions… but on the whole I think it was a superb speech.")

    • Describing Types of Journeys or Activities:

      • On a day trip: Refers to a short journey taken for pleasure, typically lasting a day. (e.g., "We went on a day trip to Paris for a day…")

      • On your way: Indicates being in the process of traveling to a place. (e.g., "Do you pass a newsagent on your way to work?")

      • On board: Refers to being present on a ship, train, or aircraft. (e.g., "150150 passengers on board an Alpine train… While we were on board our ship…")

    • Signifying a Current State or Activity:

      • On the phone: Engaged in a telephone conversation. (e.g., "…she is on the phone chatting to her friends.")

      • On display: Being exhibited or shown in a public place. (e.g., "We bought a player that was on display…")

      • On duty: Working or undertaking assigned responsibilities. (e.g., "The warders who are on duty at the Tower of London…")

      • On loan: Borrowed from a library or another source for a temporary period. (e.g., "the book 'Little House of the Prairie' is on loan from the local library…")

      • On a diet: Strictly controlling food intake, usually for weight loss. (e.g., "How long have you been on a diet?")

      • On fire: Burning or ablaze. (e.g., "…we could still see the flames from the building on fire.")

      • On strike: Participating in a work stoppage as a form of protest. (e.g., "In 19841984, the British coal miners went on strike for almost two years.")

      • On the increase: Growing or becoming more frequent. (e.g., "The number of European and American companies… is on the increase as they take advantage of lower wages.")

    • Indicating Location or Position:

      • On the borders of: Situated near the edge or boundary of a particular area. (e.g., "At the beginning of the 1616th century, on the borders of the South American jungles, Balboa became the first European…")

      • On the outskirts: Located in the outer parts of a town or city. (e.g., "…modern apartment buildings on the outskirts of the city.")

      • On television/Channel 77: Broadcast viewing media. (e.g., "The film 'JFK' is being shown on television on Tuesday night at 99 p.m. on Channel 77…")

    • Describing Method or Intent:

      • On foot: Traveling by walking. (e.g., "…it was only possible to reach the main square on foot.")

      • On purpose: Done intentionally; not by accident. (e.g., "I think she threw it to the ground on purpose in order to gain our attention.")