CHESS-1

CHESS Overview

  • Fédération Internationale des Échecs (FIDE): The international governing body of chess.

Objectives

  • At the end of the discussion, students should be able to:

    • Discuss the nature and background of the game of chess.

    • Apply the rules and regulations in playing chess.

    • Enumerate the benefits of playing chess.

Origin of Chess

  • Chess is a game with ancient roots, believed to have originated in India around the 15th century.

Staunton Chess Pieces

  • Designed in 1849 by journalist Nathaniel Cooke, endorsed by English chess master Howard Staunton.

  • Developed to resolve confusion in distinguishing various chess pieces.

  • Previous patterns include Lund, Merrifield, Calvert, Barleycorn, Selenius, and St. George.

Current Chess Dominance

  • Russia has a stronghold in the chess world, stemming from government schools instituted post-1917 revolution.

  • Notable players: Tal, Alekhine, Petrosian, Spassky, Smyslov, Anatoli Karpov, and Garry Kasparov.

Topics Covered

  1. Brief History of Chess

  2. International Organizations and Governing Bodies

  3. FIDE Titles and Top Players

  4. Equipment Used in Playing Chess

Brief History of Chess

Origins (600 AD)

  • Chess believed to have originated in India with evidence from Egyptian tombs (4000 BC).

  • Ashtapada: An early form of game played on a 64-square board.

Chaturanga

  • Translates to "four-limbed"; referenced in Hindu texts, representing war.

Chess in Persia (600-651 AD)

  • Brought to Persia where it became popular among the ruling class and gradually spread.

  • Chatrang: Persian version of chess with pieces listed as follows:

    • Shah (King)

    • Farzin (Queen)

    • Pil (Bishop)

    • Asp (Horse)

    • Rukh (Rook)

    • Piyadah (Pawn)

Islamic Chess (651-1000 AD)

  • After the Muslim conquest, the game was renamed Shatranj. Pieces included:

    • Shah (King)

    • Firz (Queen)

    • Fil (Bishop)

    • Faras (Horse)

    • Rukh (Rook)

    • Baidaq (Pawn)

Medieval Europe (1000-1500 AD)

  • Shatranj adapted into Latin terminology (e.g., Ajedrez, Xadrez).

Modern Chess Era (1500-1866 AD)

  • Emergence of a new chess variant leading to the designation of "old chess" by mid-15th century.

The Modern Game (Post-1866)

  • Formal tournaments began to shape the modern rules of chess.

Governing Bodies

  • FIDE: Fédération Internationale des Échecs

  • NCFP: Fédération National Chess Échecs Philippines

Top Players

International Top Players

  • Garry Kasparov: 1st Qualifier at Soviet Chess Championship, Classical World Champion 1993-2000.

  • Wilhelm Steinitz: First Official World Chess Champion.

  • Robert James Fischer: Youngest grandmaster and candidate for the World Championship at 15.

Filipino Top Player

  • Wesley So: Recognized as the youngest International Master and Grandmaster in the Philippines.

Equipment

Chess Board

  • 8x8 grid with 64 alternating colored squares.

Chess Notation

  • Algebraic Notation: Best form for teaching chess notation.

Chess Clock

  • Dual clocks to track player time without overlap.

Relative Point Values

  • Pawn: 1 point; Bishop: 3 points; Knight: 3 points; Rook: 5 points; Queen: 9 points.

Types of Chess Pieces

King

  • Moves one square in any direction; vital piece that defines game state.

Queen

  • Moves in any direction any number of squares; powerful piece in offense.

Bishop

  • Moves diagonally any number of squares; limited by initial square color.

Knight

  • Unique movement in an "L" shape allowing jumps.

Rook

  • Moves horizontally or vertically any number of squares.

Pawn

  • Moves forward one square, with an option to move two squares initially.

Special Moves

En Passant

  • A pawn capturing another pawn that has advanced two squares bypassing it.

Promotion

  • A pawn reaching the opponent's side can promote to any piece except King.

Castling

  • A move involving the King and a Rook, requiring specific conditions to be met.

Check and Checkmate

  • Objective is to checkmate the opponent's King, making it unable to escape capture.

  • Stages of the Game:

    • Opening: Development and preparation.

    • Middle: Central battle.

    • Endgame: Kings involved in decisive moves.

Benefits of Playing Chess

  • Enhances mathematical and scientific skills.

  • Develops confidence and self-worth.

  • Improves communication skills.

  • Teaches the value of hard work and commitment.

  • Provides entertainment and recreational therapy.

Quotes on Chess

  • Garry Kasparov: "Chess helps you to concentrate, improve your logic..."

Credits

  • Presentation template by Slidesgo, icons by Flaticon, infographics & images by Freepik.