English–Ukrainian Present Simple: Possession & Likes

Present Simple – Possession & Likes/Dislikes

I have a cat. — “У мене є кішка.”
• Illustrates possession with first-person singular.
• Verb form: have (no -s ending).
She has a big house. — “У неї великий будинок.”
• Third-person singular requires has (adds -s/-es).
• Adjective order: size (big) before noun (house).
We like music. — “Нам подобається музика.”
• Plural subject “we” keeps base verb like (no -s).
He likes football. — “Йому подобається футбол.”
• Third-person singular again uses likes.
They have two brothers. — “У них два брати.”
• Shows plural possession and counting noun “brothers.”
We have English lessons on Monday. — “У нас уроки англійської в понеділок.”
• Time expression “on Monday” signals routine schedule.

I don’t like coffee. — “Мені не подобається кава.”
• Negation pattern: do + not + base verb for I/you/we/they.
She doesn’t have a phone. — “У неї немає телефону.”
• Negation pattern: does + not + base verb for he/she/it.
• Note that the main verb reverts to base form after doesn’t.

Do you have a pen? — “У тебе є ручка?”
• Question structure: Do + subject + base verb + … ?
• Rising intonation in spoken English.

Present Simple expresses:
• Permanent states of possession (have/has).
• Regular likes/dislikes (like/likes).
• Fixed schedules (have lessons on Monday).
Subject–verb agreement is critical:
• Add -s/-es only with third-person singular in affirmative forms.
• Use doesn’t (not “don’t”) for third-person singular negatives.
Questions and negatives employ the auxiliary do/does, leaving the main verb in base form.
Ukrainian translations offer direct equivalents, helping bilingual learners link grammar patterns across languages.