Music theory 1 final

  • Building chords in SATB style - specific plus inversions

    • Root position: Root on the bottom. C major, C-E-G-B

    • First inversion: (I 6/3) Third on the bottom. C major, E-G-B-C

    • Second inversion: (I 6/4) Fifth on the bottom. C major, G-B-C-E

  • V7 chords

    • Seventh chord built on the 5th scale degree

    • C major V7 chord: G-B-D-F

    • G is the 5th scale degree of C major, and G-B-D-F is the spelling of a G major seventh chord

  • Chords (all in C major)

    • I chord: C-E-G (C)

    • ii chord: D-F-A (Dm)

    • iii chord: E-G-B (Em)

    • IV chord: F-A-C (F)

    • V chord: G-B-D (G)

    • vi chord: A-C-E (Am)

    • vii dim chord: B-D-F (B dim)

  • Doubling notes

    • Root position: double the root

    • 1st inversion: double the 3rd in the base

    • 2nd inversion: double the 5th

    • Never double the leading tone!

  • Given key and roman numeral, be able to build the chord

    • Example: G major V 6/5 chord would be

  • For inversions, they only specify what the bottom note is, other notes can be out of order

  • Cadences

    • 2 types: PAC triad V to I, other V7 to I (inverted)

    • Authentic cadence (AC): a phrase ending with the chords V or vii dim to I

    • Perfect authentic cadence (PAC): phrase ending with V-I, both chords in root position, and the highest note should be the tonic of the scale

    • Half cadence (HC): Any chord going to V

    • Imperfect authentic cadence (IAC): imperfect due to various reasons (vii dim instead of V, not in root position, or the highest note not being the tonic)

  • Analyzing phrases

    • Lead sheet and roman numerals