Movement into and out of cells

• Passive transport: movement of molecules across the cell membrane without energy input
• Active transport: movement of molecules across the cell membrane with energy input
• Diffusion: movement of molecules from high to low concentration
• Osmosis: diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane
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  • Passive Transport: movement of molecules from high to low concentration without energy input
  • Active Transport: movement of molecules from low to high concentration with energy input
  • Diffusion: passive transport of small, nonpolar molecules across the cell membrane
  • Osmosis: passive transport of water across the cell membrane from high to low concentration
  • Endocytosis: active transport of large molecules into the cell via vesicles
  • Exocytosis: active transport of large molecules out of the cell via vesicles
  • Facilitated Diffusion: passive transport of large or charged molecules across the cell membrane with the help of transport proteins
  • Sodium-Potassium Pump: active transport of ions against their concentration gradient to maintain cell homeostasis.

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