Passive transport: movement of molecules across the cell membrane without energy input

Active transport: movement of molecules across the cell membrane with energy input

Diffusion: movement of molecules from high to low concentration

Osmosis: diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane

• Passive Transport: movement of molecules from high to low concentration without energy input

• Active Transport: movement of molecules from low to high concentration with energy input

• Diffusion: passive transport of small, nonpolar molecules across the cell membrane

• Osmosis: passive transport of water across the cell membrane from high to low concentration

• Endocytosis: active transport of large molecules into the cell via vesicles

• Exocytosis: active transport of large molecules out of the cell via vesicles

• Facilitated Diffusion: passive transport of large or charged molecules across the cell membrane with the help of transport proteins

• Sodium-Potassium Pump: active transport of ions against their concentration gradient to maintain cell homeostasis.