Untitled Flashcards Set

Rule nonconsequentialist 

Kant's duty ethics

Divine command theory

Act nonconsequentialist 

Intuitionism 

Utilitarianism 

Bentham

Mill

Singer 

Terms

Nonconsequentialist (Deontological) Theories of Morality

  • Act  / Rule Nonconsequentialist

    • Act NC - there are no general moral rules or theories, but only particular actions, situations, and people about which we cannot generalize. (Based on intuition

    • Rule NC - there are rules that are the only basis for morality and consequences don’t matter 

  • Intuitionism - Based on what people feel is right or wrong

  • Divine Command Theory - an action is right and people are good if they obey commands given by their divine entity 

  • Duty Ethics - if an act itself is wrong, never do it!

  • Immanuel Kant - german philosopher following rationalism, created duty ethics

  • Categorical Imperative- I should never act except in such a way that I can also will that my maxim should become a universal law. 

    • If the action contradicts itself it is not categorical imperative 

  • The Grounding for Metaphysics of Morals

  • Good will (Kant) - good without qualifications 

    • Talents of the mind (intelligence & wit)

    • Qualities of temperament (courage & perseverance)

    • Gifts of fortune (power & riches, honor & wealth)

      • “Good will is good because of how it wills - it is good in itself.

  • Kinds of motives (Kant)

    • Duty (the correct motive)

    • Inclination 

    • Self-interest 

  • Maxim (Kant) Always act on maxims that can be universalized

    • Act in the way you believe EVERYONE should act 

Four kinds of duties (Kant)

Duties to self

Duties to others

Perfect duties

Refrain from suicide

Refrain from breaking promises

Imperfect duties

Cultivate some of your talents

Give money to someone in need 

Arguments for: 

Lying

Cheating

Breaking promises

Stealing


1.Part One of the test will be connect term with the correct definition:

Focus on:

  • Theoretical approach 

  • Theories and there connecting info

2. Part Two will consist of essay questions/ long answers.

Explain:

  • Two ethical dilemmas 

  • Take a stance on the issue and defend your stance using an ethical theory 

- A. Lying, cheating

- B. Breaking promises

- Explain Kant’s duty ethics substantially 

- non consequentialist theory - explain what it means

- Explain that he starts with “goodwill”

- Correct motive - for morally worthy act 

- Explain maxim that can be universalized 

- Duty to follow universal law (categorical imperative)

***Do categorical imperative on a test situation

Two ways: Identify Maxim

  1. Universalize (everyone will do it/ what will happen)

  2. See if maxim creates contradiction (right for you but not right for others)

3. Part Three will consist of true false questions.

 15 T/F: Only write theories under non consequentialism (DCT, intuitionism, & duty ethics)

Regarding non consequentialism

Intuitionism

Divine command theory 

Immanuel kant theory 


Lying, cheating, breaking promises T/F: Asking about justification of this action based on which theory