Unit 2 (Networks of Exchange)
Unit 2 (Networks of Exchange) Overview:
Diasporic Communities: a settlement of ethnic people in a location other than their homeland
Trading routes=Networks of Exchange
Silk Roads, Indian Ocean, and Trans-Saharan Trade
- Silk Roads - Luxury goods (porcelien, silk), transportation technologies (Caravanserai), Money economies and credit, trading cities (Kashgar)
- Indian Ocean Network - Monsoon wind, common goods and luxury goods, technological advances (magnetic compass, astrolabe, new ship designs, credit), trading states growing (Swahili city-states), diasporic communities and intermarriage, new languages (swahili), Zheng He (Ming Navy General, spread culture and knowledge on his voyages)
- Trans-Saharan Trade - camel sadle, trade city-states growing (Mali under Mansa Musa), spread of Islam to African Communities.
- Cultural Consequences - spread of religion or belief systems (Islam, Buddhism, and Hinduism), literary and artisitc transfers (House of Wisdom), scientific and technological innovations (gunpowder!!!!), rise and fall of cities (hangzhou grew, and baghdad fell), travelers writing about their experiences (Marco Polo traveling on the entirety of the Silk Roads)
- Enviornmental Effects - transfer of crops (champa rice!!!!!! more food=more babies), transfer of disease (bubonic fleas)
Mongol Empire
- Largest land-based empire of all time
- Networks of exchange increased (encouraged trade and ensured safety and communication)
- Pax Mongolica
- Technological and cultural transfers (Transfer of Greek and Islamic medical knowlege to Europe, and Uyghur script)
LIVESTREAM Notes
Networks of exchange expanded in geographical scope and led to increasing interactions between states.
Same period as Unit 1.
Silk Roads
- Luxury Goods - silk, porcelain.
- Cashgar.
- Innovations in Transportation and Commercial Technologies.
- ^Karavansi, yolks, saddles, stirrups. ^ Money Economies, paper money instead of silver. Credit.
Indian Ocean Network
- The most significant sea-based trade network for a long time.
- desire for things that aren’t found in home countries.
- Magnetic compass, latine sale, astrolabe.
- The spread of Islam.
Effects
- Diasporic Communities - a settlement created by ethnic people living in a place other than their homeland. (example. Chinese people in Southeast Asia)
- Cultural and Technological Transfers - the voyages of Zheng He.
The Trans-Saharan Trade
- Innovations of Transportation - Arabian camel, and the saddle
- New states, growth of trade
- Mali - Islam → Muslim merchants
- Mansa Musa - Influential ruler in Mali, monopolized trade with the north and the interior of Africa.
A major effect of the growth of trading routes was cultural diffusion.
- Religion - Buddhism and Chan- Buddhism in China, Zen-Buddhism in Japan. Islam in Sub-Saharah Africa and Asia. Timbuktu.
- Champ Rice! population explosion.
- The fall of Baghdad. Mongols came into contact with the Abbasids and sacked Baghdad.
- Travels - Marco Polo - traveled across the entirety of the Silk Roads and wrote about them.
The increasing interconnection facilitated by trading routes has less significant environmental consequences.
- Bananas in Africa.
- Champa Rice in East Asia.
- Bubonic Plague.
The Mongols created the largest land-based empire in history, which facilitated further interconnection and interaction across Afro-Eurasia.
- Controlled the entirety of the Silk Roads.
- Protected merchants and facilitated international trade.
- Unprecedented communication across Eurasia.
- Technological and Cultural Transfers - astronomy, calendars, astrolabe.