Public acts of worship

2 main Jewish groups: Orthodox & Reform

Jews are expected to pray 3 times a day(morning, noon, evening).

Orthodox (traditional)

Reform (progressive)

strictly following the laws in the Torah as Moses was given the Torah by God and should be followed closely

individual choice in deciding how to worship and practice the faith as the Torah was inspired by God but written by humans so it can be adapted for modern times

men and women should have different roles, all rabbis are male

men and women should be able to undertake the same roles, women can become rabbis

Public Worship

synagogue

Services are led by a rabbi (Jewish leader/teacher), a cantor (leads/chants prayers), or a member of the congregation.

Orthodox services

Reform services

daily services at the synagogue

no daily services, focus on shabbat and festivals

services in Hebrew

services in Hebrew and country’s language

men and women sit separately

men and women sit together

men always cover their head with skull caps.

married women cover their heads with a hat or scarf

most men wear a skull cap

some women wear a skull cap or hat

Orthodox men often wear a tallit and tefillin when they prayer. Weekday services in the synagogue consist of a number of prayers including the Amidah which is a central prayer.

During morning prayers Orthodox Jewish men wear a tallit, and on weekdays they wear a tefillin as well.

Tallit - prayer shawl made of wool/silk, has long tassels attached to each corner

The shawl reminds them that they obey God’s word whenever they wear it, the tassels represent the mitzvot

Tefillin - pair of small leather boxes containing extracts of the Torah, one for the forehead and the other on the upper arm in line with the heart