Chapter 9 Study Guide: Key Concepts and Information

Chapter 9 Study Guide: Stages of Grief

  • Understanding Stages of Grief

    • Be able to recognize which stage of grief someone is experiencing based on provided examples.

    • Reference worksheets/handouts for identification techniques.

    • Understand the stages include:

    • Denial

    • Anger

    • Bargaining

    • Depression

    • Acceptance

SOMBER Depression Acronym

  • Each letter in the acronym SOMBER represents different aspects of depression:

    • S - Sadness

    • O - Overwhelmed

    • M - Mood changes

    • B - Behavioral changes

    • E - Emotional instability

    • R - Relational issues

Stages of Development

  • Identify the specific age associated with each stage of psychosocial development as outlined by Erik Erikson (reference warm-up activity for examples).

  • Stages include:

    1. Infancy (Trust vs. Mistrust)

    2. Early Childhood (Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt)

    3. Preschool (Initiative vs. Guilt)

    4. School Age (Industry vs. Inferiority)

    5. Adolescence (Identity vs. Role Confusion)

    6. Young Adulthood (Intimacy vs. Isolation)

    7. Middle Adulthood (Generativity vs. Stagnation)

    8. Maturity (Integrity vs. Despair)

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

  • Review the pyramid structure of Maslow's hierarchy:

    • Basic Needs (Bottom):

    • Physiological Needs: Food, Water, Shelter

    • Safety Needs: Security, Stability

    • Love/Belonging Needs: Family, Relationships

    • Esteem Needs: Respect, Status

    • Self-Actualization (Top): Fulfillment, Personal Growth

PowerPoint Notes

  • Identify key points discussed in PowerPoint regarding Holistic Care

    • Not approved by the FDA includes herbal remedies and certain dietary supplements that lack scientific validation.

Herd Immunity

  • Definition: A form of indirect protection from infectious diseases that occurs when a large percentage of a population becomes immune.

  • Who it protects: It protects individuals who are not immune, such as those who cannot be vaccinated (infants, immunocompromised individuals).

Preventative Care Examples

  • Be able to list examples of preventative health care practices:

    • Vaccinations

    • Regular health screenings

    • Healthy lifestyle choices (diet, exercise)

    • Education on disease prevention

Stress Management Techniques

  • List various ways to handle or cope with stress:

    • Exercise (physical activity)

    • Meditation and mindfulness

    • Adequate sleep

    • Healthy eating

    • Time management strategies

    • Support networks (friends, family, counselors)

Maladaptive Behaviors

  • Identify examples of maladaptive behaviors:

    • Substance abuse (alcohol, drugs)

    • Compulsive spending

    • Avoidance behaviors (isolation, neglecting responsibilities)

Distinguishing Grief vs Depression

  • Differentiate the stages of grief from symptoms of depression using worksheets provided during class on 2/18.

  • Grief is often tied to loss and can be a healthy process, whereas depression is a persistent condition that affects daily functioning.

Bodily Functions Affected by Stress

  • Three main bodily functions impacted by stress:

    1. Cortisol release

    2. Blood Pressure (BP) increase

    3. Endorphins alteration

  • Healthy ways to control these mechanisms:

    • Regular physical exercise

    • Engaging in social activities

    • Practicing relaxation techniques (yoga, deep breathing)

Regulation of Fluid Imbalances

  • Hormones such as aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) regulate fluid balance in the body.

Vitamins for Health

  • Crucial vitamins for immune system support and bone health include:

    • Vitamin C: Essential for immune function and skin health.

    • Vitamin D: Important for calcium absorption and bone health.

    • Calcium: Vital for bone structure and function.

    • Vitamin K: Necessary for bone metabolism.