patho notes chp10

Blood Vessels and Their Structure

  • Venules lead to larger veins
  • Definition: A vein is a blood vessel that drains blood back to the heart.
  • Structure of blood vessels:
    • Each artery or vein consists of three layers:
      • Tunica intima: Inner layer made of simple squamous epithelium (endothelium).
      • Tunica media: Middle layer made of smooth muscle that facilitates the pulsation of blood flow.
      • Tunica externa: Outermost layer made of connective tissue.
  • Capillaries:
    • Structure: Composed only of the tunica intima, allowing for efficient gas exchange due to their thin walls.
    • Made of basement membrane and simple squamous epithelium.