Summary of Information Technology Tools

Module Overview

  • Objective: Justify the tools used in Information Technology, focusing on hardware, software, and communication tools.

Hardware

  • Definition: Physical components of a computer or electronic system that are tangible.

  • Examples: Monitor, hard drive, memory, CPU.

Software

  • Definition: Set of instructions or programs for computers to perform tasks.

  • Categories:

    • System Software: Base for application software (includes OSs, device drivers).

    • Application Software: Performs specific tasks (e.g., office suites, gaming).

    • Programming Software: Assists developers in writing programs.

Information Handling

  • Entry Methods: Keyboard, mouse, lightpen, scanner, etc.

  • Processing Components: CPU, GPU, motherboard, network cards, etc.

  • Storage Options: USB drives, magnetic tape, cloud services (OpenStack, Ceph).

  • Dissemination Tools: Monitor, printer, projector, VLC Media Player.

Communication Tools

  • Definition: Devices transmitting messages, often encrypted for security.

  • Types:

    • One-way: Information shared without responses (e.g., Google Sites).

    • Two-way: Information shared with responses (e.g., Gmail).

    • Multiple ways: Interactive communication (e.g., Skype, Zoom).

Communication Modes

  • Simplex: Unidirectional communication (e.g., keyboard).

  • Half Duplex: Two-directional but one at a time (e.g., walkie-talkie).

  • Full Duplex: Two-directional and simultaneous (e.g., telephone).

Advantages of IT Tools

  • Increases Production: Automates tasks saving time (e.g., temperature sensors in bakeries).

  • Improves Communication: Instant information movement within organizations (e.g., emails, video conferencing).

  • Enhances Data Management: Cloud services for storage and access, facilitating better decision-making.

Disadvantages of IT Tools

  • Implementation Expenses: High costs may hinder small businesses.

  • Job Elimination: Technology replaces human jobs, reducing employment opportunities.

  • Security Breaches: Data stored on cloud servers risks loss to hackers.